Ancient Roman adoptees

Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (), was the founder of the Roman Empire and the first Roman emperor from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. The reign of Augustus initiated an imperial cult and an era of imperial peace (the or ) in which the Roman world was largely free of armed conflict. The principate, a style of government where the emperor showed nominal deference to the Senate, was established during his reign and lasted until the Crisis of the Third Century.

16th Roman Emperor from 161 to 180 and Stoic philosopher

Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( ; born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; 15 December AD 37 – 9 June AD 68) was a Roman emperor and the final emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, reigning from AD 54 until his suicide in AD 68.

Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus ( ; 16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was Roman emperor from AD 14 until 37. He succeeded his stepfather Augustus, the first Roman emperor. Tiberius was born in Rome in 42 BC to politician Tiberius Claudius Nero and his wife, Livia Drusilla. In 38 BC, Livia divorced Nero and married Augustus. Following the untimely deaths of Augustus's two grandsons and adopted heirs, Gaius and Lucius Caesar, Tiberius was designated Augustus's successor. Prior to this, Tiberius had proved himself an able diplomat and one of the most successful Roman generals. His conquests of

Trajan ( ; born Marcus Ulpius Traianus, 18 September 53) was a Roman emperor from AD 98 to 117, remembered as the second of the Five Good Emperors of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty. He was a philanthropic ruler and a successful soldier-emperor who presided over one of the greatest military expansions in Roman history, during which, by the time of his death, the Roman Empire reached its maximum territorial extent. He was given the title of optimus princeps ('the best ruler') by the Roman Senate.

Hadrian ( ; born Publius Aelius Hadrianus, 24 January 76 – 10 July 138) was Roman emperor from 117 to 138. Hadrian was born in Italica, in the present-day Andalusian province of Seville in southern Spain, an Italic settlement in Hispania Baetica; his gens Aelia came from the town of Hadria in eastern Italy. He was a member of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty.

Roman lawyer, author and magistrate (61 – c.113)

15th Roman Emperor (138–161)

Galba ( ; born Servius Sulpicius Galba; 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69) was Roman emperor, ruling for 7 months from 8 June AD 68 to 15 January 69. He was the first emperor in the Year of the Four Emperors and assumed the throne following Emperor Nero's suicide.

Roman Emperor (208-235)

assassin of Julius Caesar

Roman emperor (250-306)

joint Roman Emperor with Marcus Aurelius (161–169)

Germanicus Julius Caesar (24 May 15 BC – 10 October AD 19) was a Roman general and politician most famously known for his campaigns against Arminius in Germania. The son of Nero Claudius Drusus and Antonia the Younger, Germanicus was born into an influential branch of the patrician gens Claudia. The agnomen Germanicus was added to his full name in 9 BC when it was posthumously awarded to his father in honor of his victories in Germania. In AD 4 he was adopted by his paternal uncle Tiberius, himself the stepson and heir of Germanicus' great-uncle Augustus; ten years later, Tiberius succeeded Au

Livia Drusilla (30 January 59 BC AD 29) was Roman empress from 27 BC to AD 14 as the wife of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. She was known as Julia Augusta after her formal adoption into the Julia gens in AD 14.

Roman politician and general (185–129 BC)

eldest son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder, Emperor Augustus' only daughter, also adopted by Augustus as his own child

Lucius Aelius Sejanus ( – 18 October AD 31), commonly known as Sejanus (), was a Roman soldier and confidant of the Roman Emperor Tiberius. Of the Equites class by birth, Sejanus rose to power as prefect of the Praetorian Guard, the imperial bodyguard, of which he was commander from AD 14 until his execution for treason in AD 31.

Roman general, politician, and assassin of Julius Caesar (81–43 BC)

grandson of emperor Augustus (17 BC - AD 2)

Roman banker, writer and philosopher (c.110 BC – 32 BC)

heir of the Roman Empire as the adopted son of Emperor Hadrian, and father of emperor Lucius Verus

ancient Roman consul and optimate

Youngest son of Marcus Agrippa and Julia the Elder (12 BC – AD 14)

Julio-Claudian prince, grandson of Emperor Tiberius (19 AD - 37/38 AD) (19-38)

Roman senator, brother of Seneca

adopted grandson and heir of the Roman Emperor Tiberius (c. AD 6 - AD 31)

1st century BC Roman owner of the gladiatorial school where Spartacus was trained

adopted grandson and heir of the Roman emperor Tiberius (c. 8 AD-33 AD) (7-33)

commander under Julius Caesar

son-in-law of emperor Vespasian

Roman consul in 73 BC

niece of Roman emperor Theodosius I

father of Roman empress Livia

Roman consul 72 BC

praetor in 154 BC

Roman consul 61 BC

Roman consul in 145 BC

Iberian Roman politician and consul (45 – 136)

adoptive son and heir of Roman emperor Galba

1st-century Roman usurper

Roman consul 77 BC

Roman consul 61 AD

Roman consul in 131 BC

Roman consul 44 AD

adoptive brother of Roman empress Livia.

Roman noble and consul (died 205)

Roman consul 12 BC

Roman senator and consul in 14 BC

2nd century Roman senator, consul and general

2nd century BC Roman general, consul 142 BCE

2nd century Roman senator, governor and general

mid-1st century BC Roman politician

1st century Roman senator, consul and governor of Syria

Roman consul in 105 AD

1st century Roman senator, consul, proconsul and provincial governor

Roman consul in 95 and 129 AD

Roman consul in 94 and 125 AD

Roman Senator and consul who was a friend of the Roman emperors Augustus and Tiberius

1st century AD Roman senator and consul