Arabic phonology

thumb|235px|Muṣḥaf al-tajwīd, an edition of the Qur'an|Quran printed with colored letters to facilitate tajwid.

distinction between two groups of Arabic consonants

phonology of the Arabic language

(also ; ) is a phenomenon in Arabic comprising the fronting and raising of Old Arabic toward or , and the old short toward . and the factors conditioning its occurrence were described for the first time by Sibawayh. According to as-Sirafi and Ibn Jinni (10th century), the vowel of the was pronounced somewhere between and , suggesting a realization of .