Biofuels

Manihot esculenta, commonly called cassava, manioc, or yuca (among numerous regional names), is a woody shrub of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native to South America, from Brazil, Paraguay and parts of the Andes. Although a perennial plant, cassava is extensively cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions as an annual crop for its edible starchy tuberous root. Cassava is predominantly consumed in boiled form, but substantial quantities are processed to extract cassava starch, called tapioca, which is used for food, animal feed, and industrial purposes. The Brazilian , and the related

Gossypium () is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Gossypieae of the mallow family, Malvaceae, from which cotton is harvested. It is native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Old and New Worlds. There are about 50 Gossypium species, making it the largest genus in the tribe Gossypieae, and new species continue to be discovered. The name of the genus is derived from the Arabic word goz, which refers to a soft substance.

species of a fast-growing, drought-resistant tree and listed as an invasive species in several countries

thumb|upright|A sample of biodiesel

Methanol (also called methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the chemical formula (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH). It is a light, volatile, colorless and flammable liquid with a distinctive alcoholic odor similar to that of ethanol (potable alcohol), but is more acutely toxic than the latter. Methanol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced through destructive distillation of wood. Today, methanol is mainly produced industrially by hyd

thumb|270px|Simple sketch of household biogas plant

Glycerol () is a sugar alcohol with chemical formula . It has three carbon atoms and as many hydroxyl groups. It is a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting, viscous liquid at Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure (SATP). Because of its three hydroxyl groups, glycerol is miscible with water and is hygroscopic in nature.

thumb|Blackstrap molasses

thumb|A hemp field in Côtes-d'Armor, Brittany, France, which is Europe's largest hemp producer as of 2022

Bioenergy is a type of renewable energy that is derived from plants and animals. The biomass that is used as input materials consists of recently living (but now dead) organisms, mainly plants. Thus, fossil fuels are not regarded as biomass under this definition. Types of biomass commonly used for bioenergy include wood, food crops such as corn, energy crops and waste from forests, yards, or farms. Bioenergy can also refer to electricity generated from the photosynthesis of living organisms, typically using microbial fuel cells and biological photovoltaics.

species of plant

species of plant

species of plant

oil obtained from the blubber of whales

world food prices increased dramatically in 2007 and the 1st and 2nd quarter of 2008

syngas fuel created by gasification of biomass

edible plant oil derived from the kernel of the oil palm Elaeis guineensis

waste product from brewing coffee; used to adulterate pure coffee, to grow mushrooms, to stain wood, to freshen air, to make body soap scrubs, to treat wastewater, or to make biogas

2,5-Dimethylfuran is a heterocyclic compound with the formula (CH3)2C4H2O. Although often abbreviated DMF, it should not be confused with dimethylformamide. A derivative of furan, this simple compound is a potential biofuel, being derivable from cellulose.

thumb|Microbial hydrogen production. Biohydrogen is H2 that is produced biologically. Interest is high in this technology because H2 is a clean fuel and can be readily produced from certain kinds of biomass, including biological waste. Furthermore some photosynthetic microorganisms are capable of producing H2 directly from water splitting using light as energy source.

animal feces that has been dried in order to be used as a fuel source

species of bacterium

Crops grown solely for energy production by combustion

2-Methylfuran, also known with the older name of sylvane, is a flammable, water-insoluble liquid with a chocolate odor, found naturally in Myrtle and Dutch Lavender used as a FEMA GRAS flavoring substance, with the potential for use in alternative fuels.

vegetable oil used as a fuel

debate concerning diversion of food supply for biofuels production

Discussion of impact

thumb|Raw hemp shives

methane-enriched biogas

the stalks, leaves, husks, roots, etc. left after crop is harvested and processed

sustainable aviation biofuel used to power aircraft

alcohols used as fuel for internal combustion engines

type of biofuel

biofuels manufactured from non-food biomass

petroleum substitute

fuels produced from renewable resources

any of the varieties of the sorghum plant with a high sugar content

Biogasoline is a type of synthetic gasoline produced from biomass such as algae and plants. Like traditionally petroleum-derived gasoline, biogasoline is made up of hydrocarbons with 6 (hexane) to 12 (dodecane) carbon atoms per molecule, and can be directly used in conventional internal combustion engines. However, unlike traditional gasoline, which are fractionally distilled from crude oil and thus are non-renewable fossil fuels, biogasolines are renewable biofuels made from algal materials, energy crops such as beets and sugarcane, and other cellulosic residues traditionally regarded to as a

non-fossil-based sustainable production

species of bacterium