Blue carbon

thumb|upright=1.3|Mangroves are hardy shrubs and trees that thrive in salt water and have specialised adaptations so they can survive the volatile energies of intertidal zones along marine coasts.

thumb|upright|Ascophyllum nodosum exposed to the sun in [[Nova Scotia, Canada|alt=Photo of seaweed with small swollen areas at the end of each frond]] thumb|Dead man's fingers (Codium fragile) off the [[Massachusetts coast in the United States|alt=Photo of detached seaweed frond lying on sand]] right|thumb|The top of a kelp forest in [[Otago, New Zealand|alt=Photo of seaweed with the tip floating at the surface]] Seaweed, or macroalgae, refers to thousands of species of macroscopic, multicellular, marine algae. The term includes some types of Rhodophyta (red), Phaeophyta (brown) and Chlorophyt

Seagrasses are the only flowering plants which grow in marine environments. There are about 60 species of fully marine seagrasses which belong to four families (Posidoniaceae, Zosteraceae, Hydrocharitaceae and Cymodoceaceae), all in the order Alismatales (in the clade of monocotyledons). Seagrasses evolved from terrestrial plants which recolonised the ocean 70 to 100 million years ago.

type of coastal ecosystem, land outside the dikes that is not flooded with seawater with average high tide

economy relating to the exploitation and preservation of the marine environment

carbon captured by the world's coastal ocean ecosystems

farming of aquatic seaweed

non-fiction work by Gunter Pauli

ecosystem regeneration