Broad-concept articles

Time is the continuous progression of existence that occurs in an apparently irreversible succession from the past, through the present, and into the future. Time dictates all forms of action, age, and causality, being a component quantity of various measurements used to sequence events, to compare the duration of events (or the intervals between them), and to quantify rates of change of quantities in material reality or in the conscious experience. Time is often referred to as a fourth dimension, along with three spatial dimensions.

Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information. Its precise definition is disputed and there are disagreements about whether unintentional or failed transmissions are included and whether communication not only transmits meaning but also creates it. Models of communication are simplified overviews of its main components and their interactions. Many models include the idea that a source uses a coding system to express information in the form of a message. The message is sent through a channel to a receiver who has to decode it to understand it. The main field of inquiry in

thumb|alt=Diagram of a head with symbols for different mental capacities inside it|The mind is responsible for phenomena like perception, [[thought, feeling, and action.]]

Behavior (American English) or behaviour (British English) is the range of actions of organisms, individuals, systems or artificial entities in some environment. These systems can include other systems or organisms as well as the inanimate physical environment. It is the computed response of the system or organism to various stimuli or inputs, whether internal or external, conscious or subconscious, overt or covert, and voluntary or involuntary. While some behavior is produced in response to an organism's environment (extrinsic motivation), behavior can also be the product of intrinsic motivat

Violence is characterized as the use of physical force by humans to cause harm to other living beings, such as pain, injury, disablement, death, damage and destruction. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines violence as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation"; it recognizes the need to include violence not resulting in injury or death.

thumb|right|alt=Cover of Science and Invention Magazine|'BUILD YOUR OWN TELEVISION RECEIVER.' Electrical Experimenter|Science and Invention magazine cover, November 1928

thumb|upright=1.35|San Francisco Ferry Building, The Embarcadero, and the Bay Bridge at night, all examples of infrastructure

thumb|The combustion of a match is an observable occurrence, or event, and therefore a phenomenon.

practices that exist without recognition in law or other formal norms

thumb|right| Some particles are Dissolution (chemistry)|dissolved in a glass of water. At first, the particles are all near one top corner of the glass. If the particles randomly move around ("diffuse") in the water, they eventually become distributed randomly and uniformly from an area of high concentration to an area of low, and organized (diffusion continues, but with no net [[flux).]] thumb|Time lapse video of diffusion a dye dissolved in water into a gel.

thumb|upright=1.1|Four generations of one family: a baby boy, his mother, his maternal grandmother, and his maternal great-grandmother. (2008)

device or computer program for input, editing, formatting, and output of text

An individual is one that exists as a distinct entity. Individuality (or self-hood) is the state or quality of living as an individual; particularly (in the case of humans) as a person unique from other people and possessing one's own needs or goals, rights and responsibilities. The concept of an individual features in many fields, including biology, law, and philosophy. Every individual contributes significantly to the growth of a civilization. Society is a multifaceted concept that is shaped and influenced by a wide range of different things, including human behaviors, attitudes, and ideas.

Causality is an influence by which one event, process, state, or subject (i.e., a cause) contributes to the production of another event, process, state, or object (i.e., an effect) where the cause is at least partly responsible for the effect, and the effect is at least partly dependent on the cause. The cause of something may also be described as the reason behind the event or process.

A material is a substance or mixture of substances that constitutes an object. Materials can be pure or impure, living or non-living matter. Materials can be classified on the basis of their physical and chemical properties, or on their geological origin or biological function. Materials science is the study of materials, their properties, and their applications.

thumb|right|200px|A cuboid demonstrating the dimensions [[length, width, and height]]

ethnic groups

thumb|The spectrum in a rainbow

Cobra is the common name of various venomous snakes, most of which belong to the genus Naja.

An error (from the Latin , meaning 'to wander') is an inaccurate or incorrect action, thought, or judgement.

upright|thumb|Depiction of French President Armand Fallieres's assault by a waiter named Jean Mattis thumb|upright|Many mammals, such as the tiger, bare their teeth as a sign of aggression—a form of [[aposematism. ]]

thumb|upright=1|Arc welding|Arc welders need to protect themselves from welding sparks, which are heated metal particles that fly off the welding surface

A goal or objective is an idea of the future or desired result that a person or a group of people envision, plan, and commit to achieve. People endeavour to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines.

right|thumb|250px|Warning signs, such as this one, can improve safety [[awareness.]] Safety is the state of being protected from harm or other danger. Safety can also refer to the control of recognized hazards in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk.

thumb|right|Passengers on a boat in the Danube Delta, 2008 thumb|right|Passengers in the lounge car of an Amtrak San Joaquin (train)|San Joaquin train thumb|Passenger on a bicycle A passenger is a person who travels in a vehicle, but does not bear any responsibility for the tasks required for that vehicle to arrive at its destination or otherwise operate the vehicle, and is not a steward. The vehicles may be bicycles, buses, cars, passenger trains, airliners, ships, ferryboats, personal watercraft, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, and other methods of transportation.

thumb|alt=Diagram of a circle divided into two sides|Dualism divides a domain or phenomenon into two separate principles or kinds.

An entity is something that exists as itself. It does not need to be of material existence. In particular, abstractions and legal fictions are usually regarded as entities. In general, there is also no presumption that an entity is animate, or present. The verb tense of this form is to 'entitize' - meaning to convert into an entity; to perceive as tangible or alive.

thumb|Front cover of The Principles of Quantum Mechanics (4th ed.) by [[Paul Dirac]] A monograph is generally a long-form work on one (usually scholarly) subject, or one aspect of a subject, most often created by a single author or artist. Traditionally it is in written form and published as a book, but it may be an artwork, audiovisual work, or exhibition made up of visual artworks. In library cataloguing, the word has a specific and broader meaning, while in the United States, the Food and Drug Administration uses the term to mean a set of published standards as well as various guidelines.

thumb|Désir, sculpture by Aristide Maillol Desires are states of mind that are expressed by terms like "wanting", "wishing", "longing" or "craving". A great variety of features is commonly associated with desires. They are seen as propositional attitudes towards conceivable states of affairs. They aim to change the world by representing how the world should be, unlike beliefs, which aim to represent how the world actually is. Desires are closely related to agency: they motivate the agent to realize them. For this to be possible, a desire has to be combined with a belief about which action woul

thumb|A feedback loop where all outputs of a process are available as causal inputs to that process

process of collecting evaluations of a product or activity by one or more people of similar competence to the creator or actor

Interdisciplinarity, also known as interdisciplinary studies, is the combination of multiple academic disciplines into one activity (e.g., a research project). It draws knowledge from several fields such as sociology, anthropology, psychology, economics, etc. It is related to an interdiscipline or an interdisciplinary field, which is an organizational unit that crosses traditional boundaries between academic disciplines or schools of thought, as new needs and professions emerge. Large engineering teams are usually interdisciplinary in nature, as the development of a power station, mobile phone

A pattern is a regularity in the world, in human-made design, or in abstract ideas. As such, the elements of a pattern repeat in a predictable and logical manner. There exists countless kinds of unclassified patterns, present in everyday nature, fashion, many artistic areas, as well as a connection with mathematics. A geometric pattern is a type of pattern formed of repeating geometric shapes and typically repeated like a wallpaper design.

system where only the inputs and outputs can be viewed, and not its implementation

Abuse is the act of improper usage or treatment of a person or thing, often to unfairly or improperly gain benefit. Abuse can come in many forms, such as: physical or verbal maltreatment, injury, assault, violation, rape, unjust practices, crimes, or other types of aggression. Some sources describe abuse as "socially constructed", which means there may be more or less recognition of the suffering of a victim at different times and societies.

thumb|Illustration of a judge evaluating evidence in court to make a judgement

thumb|250px|alt=Drawing of the back an anthropomorphic caterpillar, seated on a toadstool amid grass and flowers, blowing smoke from a hookah; a blonde girl in an old-fashioned frock is standing on tiptoe to peer at the caterpillar over the toadstool's edge|Sir John Tenniel's illustration of the Caterpillar for [[Lewis Carroll's ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'' is noted for its ambiguous central figure, whose head can be viewed as either a man's face with a pointed nose and chin smoking a pipe or as the end of an actual caterpillar, with the first two right "true" legs visible (1865).]]

200px|thumb|In this image, the universal set U (the entire rectangle) is dichotomized into the two sets A (in pink) and its complement Ac (in grey). A dichotomy () is a partition of a whole (or a set) into two parts (subsets). In other words, this couple of parts must be jointly exhaustive: everything must belong to one part or the other, and mutually exclusive: nothing can belong simultaneously to both parts.

Football is a family of team sports in which the object is to get the ball over a goal line, into a goal, or between goalposts using merely the body (by carrying, throwing, or kicking).

A schism ( , or (less commonly) ) is a division between people, usually belonging to an organization, movement, or religious denomination. The word is most frequently applied to a split in what had previously been a single religious body, such as the Great East–West Schism or the Western Schism. It is also used of a split within a non-religious organization or movement or, more broadly, of a separation between two or more people, be it brothers, friends, lovers, etc.

Latin phrase that translates literally to "on site"; used to describe the location of something in its customary or unaltered place or position

Term for administrative council in Spain and Latin America

thumb|Model of a molecule, with coloured balls representing different atoms A model is an informative representation of an object, person, or system. The term originally denoted the plans of a building in late 16th-century English, and derived via French and Italian ultimately from Latin , .

Wikipedia disambiguation page

Damage is any change in a thing, often a physical object, that degrades it away from its initial state. It can broadly be defined as "changes introduced into a system that adversely affect its current or future performance". Damage "does not necessarily imply total loss of system functionality, but rather that the system is no longer operating in its optimal manner". Damage to physical objects is "the progressive physical process by which they break", and includes mechanical stress that weakens a structure, even if this is not visible. Efforts undertaken to prevent or ameliorate damage are oft

thumb|Artist Aleksandr Moravov's Tampere conference of 1905|"Tampere Conference of 1905", depicting the first conference of the [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in Tampere and notably, the first-time meeting of Joseph Stalin and Vladimir Lenin.]] A conference is a meeting, often lasting a few days, which is organized on a particular subject, or to bring together people who have a common interest. Conferences can be used as a form of group decision-making, although discussion, not always decisions, is the primary purpose of conferences. The term derives from the word confer.

thumb|right|Waterproofing conducted on the exterior of a freeway tunnel

Cleaning is the process of removing unwanted substances, such as dirt, dust, and other impurities, from an object or environment. Cleaning is often performed for aesthetic, hygienic, functional, safety, or environmental protection purposes. Cleaning occurs in many different contexts, and uses many different methods. Several occupations are devoted to cleaning.

element of a vector space

length scale on which objects or phenomena are large enough to be visible almost practically with the naked eye

algebraic concept

thumb|A cooling fan Cooling is removal of heat, usually resulting in a lower temperature and/or phase change. Temperature lowering achieved by any other means may also be called cooling. The transfer of thermal energy may occur via thermal radiation, heat conduction or convection. Examples can be as simple as reducing temperature of tea.

any form of vehicle or system used to transport people or goods from one place to another

Greek prefix: prefix of abstraction

point in time by which an objective or task must be accomplished

thumb|upright=1.5|Principles of geolocation using GPS

academic title or rank typically indicating non-full time employment as a professor

view of an object from above

structure in biology and artificial intelligence