Egyptian artefact types

A sphinx ( ; , ; or sphinges ) is a mythical creature with the head of a human, the body of a lion, and the wings of an eagle.

300px|thumb|A mummified man likely to be Ramesses I A mummy is a dead human or an animal whose soft tissues and organs have been preserved by either intentional or accidental exposure to chemicals, extreme cold, very low humidity, or lack of air, so that the recovered body does not decay further if kept in cool and dry conditions. Some authorities restrict the use of the term to bodies deliberately embalmed with chemicals, but the use of the word to cover accidentally desiccated bodies goes back to at least the early 17th century.

thumb|220px|Papyrus (P. British Museum|BM EA 10591 [[recto column IX, beginning of lines 13–17)]]

thumb|upright=0.5|The ankh has a T-shape topped by a droplet-shaped loop. The ankh or key of life is an ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic symbol used to represent the word for "life" and, by extension, as a symbol of life itself.

thumb|260px|Stele N from Copán, [[Honduras, depicting King K'ac Yipyaj Chan K'awiil ("Smoke Shell"), as drawn by Frederick Catherwood in 1839]] thumb|Stele to the French 8th Infantry Regiment. Commons:Category:Battle of Waterloo steles|One of more than half a dozen steles located on the Waterloo battlefield. A stele ( ) or stela ( ) is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected in the ancient world as a monument. The surface of the stele often has text, ornamentation, or both. These may be inscribed, carved in relief, or painted.

thumb|Adze

agricultural tool used for threshing; the process of separating grains from their husks

thumb|300px|right|Memphis, Egypt|Memphis, 500 BC – Troop of funerary servant figures ushabtis in the name of Neferibreheb, [[Louvre-Lens]] thumb|260px|Four ushabtis of Khabekhnet and their box; 1279–1213 BC; painted limestone; height of the ushabtis: 16.7 cm; Metropolitan Museum of Art thumb|Ushabti Figurine, Albert Hall Museum The ushabti (also called shabti or shawabti, with a number of variant spellings) was an ancient Egyptian funerary figurine. The Egyptological term is derived from , which replaced earlier , perhaps the nisba of "Persea tree".

[[Image:AGMA Ostrakon Cimon.jpg|right|thumb|Ostrakon inscribed with "Kimon [son] of Miltiades", for Cimon, an Athenian statesman.]] thumb|Ostrakon of Megacles, son of Hippocrates (inscription: ΜΕΓΑΚΛΕΣ ΗΙΠΠΟΚΡΑΤΟΣ), 487 BC. On display in the Ancient Agora Museum in Athens, housed in the [[Stoa of Attalus]] right|thumb|Ancient Greek ostraca voting for the ostracism|ostracization of [[Themistocles in 472/471 BC.]]

thumb|right|drawing of a Uraeus thumb|Statuette of a uraeus, between 722 and 332 BC. Late Period of ancient Egypt|Late Period. [[Museo Egizio Turin.]] thumb|Mask of Tutankhamun's mummy featuring a uraeus, from the Eighteenth Dynasty. The [[cobra image of Wadjet with the vulture image of Nekhbet represent the unification of Lower and Upper Egypt.]]

thumb|upright=1.2|A sekhem-style sistrum

Nemes () consisted of pieces of striped head cloth worn by pharaohs in ancient Egypt. It covered the whole crown and behind of the head and nape of the neck (sometimes also extending a little way down the back) and had lappets, two large flaps which hung down behind the ears and in front of both shoulders. It was sometimes combined with the double crown, as it is on the statues of Ramesses II at Abu Simbel.

thumb|right|Close-up of the Pyramidion of Amenemhat III at Dahshur. [[Egyptian Museum, Cairo]]A pyramidion (plural: pyramidia) is the capstone of an Egyptian pyramid or the upper section of an obelisk. Speakers of the Ancient Egyptian language referred to pyramidia as benbenet and associated the pyramid as a whole with the sacred benben stone.

scarab beetle-shaped amulets and impression seals of ancient Egypt

The pschent (/pskʰént/; Greek ψχέντ) was the double crown worn by rulers in ancient Egypt. The ancient Egyptians generally referred to it as Pa-sekhemty (pꜣ-sḫm.ty), the Two Powerful Ones, from which the Greek term is derived. It combined the White Hedjet Crown of Upper Egypt and the Red Deshret Crown of Lower Egypt.

thumb|50px|A was-sceptre

Deshret () was the Red Crown of Lower Egypt. It was a red bowl shaped with a protruding curlicue. When combined with the Hedjet (White Crown) of Upper Egypt, it forms the Pschent (Double Crown), in ancient Egyptian called the sekhemti.

Hedjet () is the White Crown of pharaonic Upper Egypt. After the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, it was combined with the Deshret, the Red Crown of Lower Egypt, to form the Pschent, the double crown of Egypt. The symbol sometimes used for the White Crown was the vulture goddess Nekhbet shown next to the head of the cobra goddess Wadjet, the uraeus on the Pschent.

architectural pattern in Ancient Egypt

The khepresh (ḫprš) was an ancient Egyptian royal headdress. It is also known as the blue crown or war crown. New Kingdom pharaohs are often depicted wearing it in battle, but it was also frequently worn in ceremonies. While it was once called the war crown by many, modern historians refrain from characterizing it thus.

thumb|right|300px|Reconstructed Talatats from the Gempaaten Talatat are limestone blocks of standardized size (c. 27 by 27 by 54 cm, corresponding to by by 1 ancient Egyptian cubits) used during the 18th Dynasty reign of the Pharaoh Akhenaten in the building of the Aten temples at Karnak and Akhetaten (modern Amarna). The standardized size and their small weight made construction more efficient. Their use may have begun in the second year of Akhenaten's reign. After the Amarna Period talatat construction was abandoned, apparently not having withstood the test of time.

thumb|right|The Malqata Menat, late [[Eighteenth Dynasty]] thumb|right|An elaborate menat necklace depicted in a relief at the Dendera Temple complex|Temple of Hathor at Dendera

archaeological artifacts from middle to late predynastic Egypt

Wikimedia list article

ancient Egyptian neck ornament

cases used by Ancient Egyptians to contain internal organs removed during mummification

type of memorial sculpted statue

special paper for watercolors

any of various headdresses worn in Pharonic Egypt

Ancient Egyptian crown

coffin used in Ancient Egypt

head cloth worn by the nobility of Ancient Egypt

Relic of Egyptian mythology

thumb|right|modern drawing of a typical Hypocephalus A hypocephalus is a small disk-shaped object generally made of stuccoed linen, but also of papyrus, bronze, gold, wood, or clay, which ancient Egyptians from the Late Period onwards placed under the heads of their dead. The circle was believed to magically protect the deceased and cause the head and body to be enveloped in light and warmth, making the deceased divine. It replaced the earlier cow-amulet.

ritual sceptre associated with power, authority, and the god Osiris