Empiricists

English philosopher and physician (1632-1704)

English philosopher and statesman (1561–1626)

British philosopher and logician (1872–1970)

English philosopher (1588–1679)

Epicurus (, ; ; 341–270 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher who founded Epicureanism, a highly influential school of philosophy; it asserted that philosophy's purpose is to attain as well as to help others attain tranquil lives, characterized by freedom from fear and the absence of pain.

British philosopher and political economist (1806–1873)

Titus Lucretius Carus ( ; ;  – October 15, 55 BC) was a Roman poet and philosopher. His only known work is the philosophical poem De rerum natura, a didactic work about the tenets and philosophy of Epicureanism, which usually is translated into English as On the Nature of Things—and somewhat less often as On the Nature of the Universe. Very little is known about Lucretius's life; the only certainty is that he was either a friend or client of Gaius Memmius, to whom the poem was addressed and dedicated. De rerum natura was a considerable influence on the Augustan poets, particularly Virgil

Irish idealist philosopher and Anglican bishop (1685–1753)

French scholastic philosopher, theologian and preeminent logician (c.1079-1142)

English Franciscan friar and theologian (c.1287–1347)

English polymath, philosopher and friar (c.1219/20–c.1292)

Austrian physicist (1838–1916)

French philosopher (1925–1995)

French philosopher, Jesuit priest, and paleontologist

English cleric and cardinal (1801–1890)

German philosopher and logician (1891–1970)

American philosopher and logician (1900–2000)

French philosopher, astronomer, mathematician, priest, and scientist (*1592 – †1655)

German philosopher, psychologist, and founder of pedagogy as an academic discipline (1776-1841)

German philosopher and founder of the Illuminati (1748–1830)

German historian, psychologist, sociologist, student of hermeneutics, and philosopher (1833–1911)

French academic

Italian entomologist and poet

Scottish philosopher (1694–1746)

German–American philosopher

German philosopher (1905–1997)

British philosopher

English bishop and philosopher (1692–1752)

British-Australian comedian, actor and musician (born 1975)

American philosopher (1901-1985)

Scottish-born Australian philosopher (1893–1962)

American philosopher

figure of the Scottish Enlightenment, born 1719

French philosopher

German philosopher (1718–1777)