French metaphysicians

François-Marie Arouet (; 21 November 169430 May 1778), known by his pen name Voltaire (, ; ), was a French Enlightenment writer, philosopher (philosophe), satirist, and historian. Famous for his wit and his criticism of Christianity (especially of the Catholic Church) and of slavery, Voltaire was an advocate of freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and separation of church and state.

French philosopher (1859–1941)

French sociologist (1858–1917)

French philosopher (1930–2004)

French anthropologist and ethnologist (1908–2009)

French philosopher, Jesuit priest, and paleontologist

French philosopher

French metaphysician (1886-1951)

French philosopher (1882–1973)

French philosopher (1888–1974)

French academic (1813–1900)

French mathematician

French philosopher, writer and sociologist

20th century French philosopher (1924–1989)

French philosopher

French theologian and philosopher (1716-1790)

French philosopher

Bishop of Lavaur