Functional groups

In chemistry, a carbazide is a functional group with the general formula . They can be derived from the condensation of carbonic acid with a hydrazine. Carbohydrazide is the simplest carbazide, with another common carbazide being diphenylcarbazide, which is used as an analytical reagent.

class of indoles

thumb|right|General chemical structure of a sulfanilide

Thiosemicarbazide is the chemical compound with the formula H2NC(S)NHNH2. A white, odorless solid, it is related to thiourea (H2NC(S)NH2) by the insertion of an NH center. They are commonly used as ligands for transition metals. Many thiosemicarbazides are known. These feature an organic substituent in place of one or more H's of the parent molecule. 4-Methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide is a simple example.

class of organic compounds

ester of cyanic acid

class of chemical compounds

functional group

In chemistry, bifunctionality or difunctionality is the presence of two functional groups in a molecule. A bifunctional species has the properties of each of the two types of functional groups, such as an alcohol (), amide (), aldehyde (), nitrile () or carboxylic acid (). Many bifunctional species are used to produce complex materials. They participate in condensation polymerization like polyester and polyamide.

In organic chemistry, a dithiol is a type of organosulfur compound with two thiol () functional groups. Their properties are generally similar to those of monothiols in terms of solubility, odor, and volatility. They can be classified according to the relative location of the two thiol groups on the organic backbone.

thumb|140px|right|Structure of an S–nitrosothiol. R denotes some organic group.

functional group

thumb|S-Ethylisothiouronium diethylphosphate|S-Ethylisothiouronium diethylphosphate: an example of an isothiuronium compound

any chemical compound derived from an oxoacid by replacing =O by =NR

150px|thumb|Hemithioacetal functional group

Organophosphines are organophosphorus compounds with the formula PRnH3−n, where R is an organic substituent. These compounds can be classified according to the value of n: primary phosphines (n = 1), secondary phosphines (n = 2), tertiary phosphines (n = 3). All adopt pyramidal structures. Organophosphines are generally colorless, lipophilic liquids or solids. The parent of the organophosphines is phosphine (PH3).

functional group

thumbnail|right|Phosphoramidite: general structure A phosphoramidite (RO)2PNR2 is a monoamide of a phosphite diester. The key feature of phosphoramidites is their markedly high reactivity towards nucleophiles catalyzed by weak acids e.c., triethylammonium chloride or 1H-tetrazole. In these reactions, the incoming nucleophile replaces the NR2 moiety.

organyl group

class of chemical compounds

thumbnail|right|The general structure of dicarbonate esters

functional group

thumb|General struct telluroketone group A telluroketone is an analog of a ketone in which the oxygen atom has been replaced by a tellurium atom. This change makes the functional group less stable, due to the larger size and lower electronegativity of tellurium compared to oxygen. Telluroketones consequently require greater steric and electronic stabilization.