Functional groups

thumb|150px|right|The structure of the sulfuryl group

thumb|right|150px|The general structure of an organic hydroperoxide with the blue marked functional group, where R stands for any group, typically Organic compound|organic Hydroperoxides or peroxols are compounds of the form ROOH, where R stands for any group, typically organic, which contain the hydroperoxy functional group (). Hydroperoxide also refers to the hydroperoxide anion () and its salts, and the neutral hydroperoxyl radical (•OOH) consist of an unbound hydroperoxy group. When R is organic, the compounds are called organic hydroperoxides. Such compounds are a subset of organic peroxi

thumb|right|General chemical structure of chloroformate esters Chloroformates are a class of organic compounds with the formula ROC(O)Cl. They are formally esters of chloroformic acid. Most are colorless, volatile liquids that degrade in moist air. A simple example is methyl chloroformate, which is commercially available.

thumb|right|250px|Chemical formula#General forms for organic compounds|General [[structural formulae of O-organyl (1) and S-organyl (2) thiocarbamates]]

thumb|right|150px|General chemical structure of a nitronate

Phosphinates or hypophosphites are a class of phosphorus compounds conceptually based on the structure of hypophosphorous acid. IUPAC prefers the term phosphinate in all cases, however in practice hypophosphite is usually used to describe inorganic species (e.g. sodium hypophosphite), while phosphinate typically refers to organophosphorus species.

thumb|right|The general structure of thioketenes

thumb|right|The structure of a typical phosphorane group. A phosphorane (IUPAC name: λ5-phosphane) is a functional group in organophosphorus chemistry with pentavalent phosphorus. Phosphoranes have the general formula PR5.

Thiophosphates (or phosphorothioates, PS) are chemical compounds and anions with the general chemical formula (x = 0, 1, 2, or 3) and related derivatives where organic groups are attached to one or more O or S. Thiophosphates feature tetrahedral phosphorus(V) centers.

thumb|General ester of phosphonous acid

Triuret is an organic compound with the formula (H2NC(O)NH)2CO. It is a product from the pyrolysis of urea. Triuret is a colorless, crystalline, hygroscopic solid, slightly soluble in cold water or ether, and more soluble in hot water. It is a planar molecule. The central carbonyl is hydrogen-bonded to both terminal amino groups.

thumb|right|120px|General structure of an episulfide

any organic azide in which an azide group is attached to a carboacyl group

160px|thumb|right|The carboximidate group

thumb|right|General chemical structure of an acylurea Acylureas (also called '''N-acylureas or ureides''') are a class of chemical compounds formally derived from the acylation of urea.

class of compounds

thumbnail|Benzenetellurol: an example of a tellurol compound Tellurols are analogues of alcohols and phenols where tellurium replaces oxygen. Tellurols, selenols, and thiols have similar properties, but tellurols are the least stable. Although they are fundamental representatives of organotellurium compounds, tellurols are lightly studied because of their instability. Tellurol derivatives include telluroesters (RC(O)TeR') and tellurocyanates (RTeCN).

thumb|right|150px|Structural formula of a generic phosphinite, R represents a [[side chain.]] thumb|right|150px|Skeletal formula of methyl diphenylphosphinite

right|thumb|Before: Toluene is refluxed with sodium-benzophenone to dry and deoxygenate it. right|thumb|After: The deep blue coloration of the benzophenone ketyl radical shows that the toluene to be distilled is dry and oxygen-free. A ketyl group in organic chemistry is an anion radical that contains a group R2C−O•. It is the product of the 1-electron reduction of a ketone.

thumb|right|The generic formula of an azine. For an aldazine, R2, R4 = H. Azines are a functional class of organic compounds with the connectivity . These compounds are the product of the condensation of hydrazine with ketones and aldehydes, although in practice they are often made by alternative routes. Ketazines are azines derived from ketones. For example, acetone azine is the simplest ketazine. Aldazines are azines derived from aldehydes.

functional group

In chemistry, a triol is an organic compound containing three hydroxyl groups ( functional groups), such as glycerol.

Enediynes are organic compounds containing two triple bonds and one double bond.

thumb|right|120px|The insecticide fosthietan is a phosphoramidate

thumb|308x308px|General structure of sulfinamides, showing both correct zwitterionic and "expanded octet" simplified convention

thumb|100px|right|General chemical structure of a selone In chemistry, a selone (also known as a selenoketone) is the structural analog of a ketone where selenium replaces oxygen. Their primary application is for chemical analysis.

In chemistry, thiadiazoles are a sub-family of azole compounds, with the name thiadiazole originating from the Hantzsch–Widman nomenclature. Structurally, they are five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing one sulfur and two nitrogen atoms. The ring is aromatic by virtue of the two double bonds and one of the lone pairs of electrons of sulfur. Four constitutional isomers are possible, differing by the relative positions of the sulfur and nitrogen atoms. The nomenclature thus includes the locations of each of those three atoms, with the first of the three numbers referring to the sulfur.

thumb|right|Molecular structure of , a phosphaalkyne.

thumb|right|α-, β-, γ-, and δ-lactones (left to right) Thiolactones are a class of heterocyclic compounds in organic chemistry. They are analogs of the more common lactones in which an oxygen atom is replaced with a sulfur atom. The sulfur atom is within the ring system and adjacent to a carbonyl group.

acyl group of triflic acid

thumb|right|Ball-and-stick model of the diphenylsulfimide molecule,

Acylals in organic chemistry are a group of chemical compounds sharing a functional group with the general structure RCH(OOCR)2. Acylals are obtained by reaction of carbonyls with acetic anhydride or other acid anhydrides and a suitable catalyst, for instance with sulfated zirconia at low temperatures when used as protective groups for aldehydes. High temperature exposure converts the acylal back to the aldehyde.

thumb|160px|General structure of a sulfenamide

functional group consisting of sulfur double-bonded to oxygen

Fluorosulfonate, in organic chemistry, is a functional group that has the chemical formula F-SO2-R, and typically is a very good leaving group. In organic chemistry, fluorosulfonate is different than fluorosulfate. In fluorosulfonates, sulfur atom is directly bonded to a non-oxygen atom such as carbon. In inorganic chemistry, fluorosulfonate is another term for fluorosulfate, the anion F-SO2-O−, the conjugate base of fluorosulfonic acid. They form a series of salts with metal and organic cations called fluorosulfates.

enone means (ene + one) ene means '='. and -one means - C= O group

thumb|right|General chemical structure of a semicarbazone thumb|right|Nitrofurazone is a semicarbazone used as an antiseptic In organic chemistry, a semicarbazone is a derivative of imines formed by a condensation reaction between a ketone or aldehyde and semicarbazide. They are classified as imine derivatives because they are formed from the reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with the terminal -NH2 group of semicarbazide, which behaves very similarly to primary amines.

group of chemical compounds

thumb|right|150px|class=skin-invert-image|Methylenedioxy chemical structure.

thumb|right|100px|General structure of a ketenimine

class of compounds

Nitrilimines or nitrile amides are a class of organic compounds sharing a common functional group with the general structure corresponding to the conjugate base of an amine bonded to the N-terminus of a nitrile. The dominant structure for the parent compound nitrilimine is that of the propargyl-like in scheme 1 with a C–N triple bond and with a formal positive charge on nitrogen and two lone pairs and a formal negative charge on the terminal nitrogen. Other structures such as hypervalent , allene-like , allylic and carbene are of lesser relevance. {| style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: aut

Functional group in organic chemistry

a type of carbene demonstrating particular stability

{| class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align:left" width="20%" |- class="hintergrundfarbe6" align="center" | Alkylhydrazine (example) |- | center|90px

A nitroalkene, or nitro olefin, is a functional group combining the functionality of its constituent parts, an alkene and nitro group, while displaying its own chemical properties through alkene activation, making the functional group useful in specialty reactions such as the Michael reaction or Diels-Alder additions.

thumb|right|The general structure of an acylsilane Acylsilanes are a group of chemical compounds sharing a common functional group with the general structure RC(O)-SiR3.

A reductone is a special class of organic compounds. They are enediols with a carbonyl group adjacent to the enediol group, i.e. RC(OH)=C(OH)-C(O)R. The enediol structure is stabilized by the resonance resulting from the tautomerism with the adjacent carbonyl. Therefore, the chemical equilibrium produces mainly the enediol form rather than the keto form.

organic substituent with one free valence at a carbon atom

class of compounds

functional group

200px|right|thumb|An ynone structure. can be any organic group, can be any except hydrogen (see [[ynal).]]

functional group

thumb|right|The two tautomeric forms of amidrazones: hydrazide imide (left) and amide hydrazone (right)

class of chemical compounds

any ester derived from thiocyanic acid

chemical compound

functional group formed by removing three hydroxyl groups from a phosphoric acid, the free valencies of which are engaged in single bonds only