Isoflavones

Genistein (C15H10O5) is a plant-derived, aglycone isoflavone. Genistein has the highest content of all isoflavones in soybeans and soy products, such as tempeh. As a type of phytoestrogen, genistein is classed as an endocrine disrupting chemical due to its estrogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, excessive consumption of soy products has been linked to disruption of the reproductive organs, such as the uterus, breast, and testis.

Rotenone is an odorless, colorless, crystalline isoflavone. It occurs naturally in the seeds and stems of several plants, such as the jicama vine, and in the roots of several other members of the Fabaceae. It was the first-described member of the family of chemical compounds known as rotenoids. Rotenone is approved for use as a piscicide to remove alien fish species, see Uses. It has also been used as a broad-spectrum insecticide, but its use as an insecticide has been banned in many countries.

Isoflavones are a type of naturally occurring isoflavonoids, many of which act as phytoestrogens in mammals. Isoflavones occur in many plant species, but are especially high in soybeans.

Daidzein (7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one) is a naturally occurring compound found exclusively in soybeans and other legumes, and structurally belongs to a class of compounds known as isoflavones. Daidzein and other isoflavones are produced in plants through the phenylpropanoid pathway of secondary metabolism and are used as signal carriers, and defense responses to pathogenic attacks. Upon consumption of isoflavone-rich foods, daidzein has poor bioavailability and low water solubility.

Wighteone is an isoflavone, a type of flavonoid. It can be found in Maclura aurantiaca, the hedge apple.

Irilone is an isoflavone, a type of flavonoid. It can be found in Trifolium pratense (red clover), in Iris unguicularis and in Iris germanica.

Orobol is one of several known isoflavones. It can be isolated from Aspergillus niger or Streptomyces neyagawaensis. It is a potent inhibitor of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

Ipriflavone (INN, JAN; brand name Yambolap) is a synthetic isoflavone which may be used to inhibit bone resorption, maintain bone density and to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It is not used to treat osteoporosis. It slows down the action of the osteoclasts (bone-eroding cells), possibly allowing the osteoblasts (bone-building cells) to build up bone mass.

Pseudobaptigenin is an isoflavone, a type of flavonoid. It can be isolated in Trifolium pratense (red clover).

Barbigerone is one of a few pyranoisoflavones among several groups of isoflavones. It was first isolated from the seed of a leguminous plant Tephrosia barbigera; hence the name "barbigerone". Members of the genus Millettia are now known to be rich in barbigerone, including M. dielsiena, M. ferruginea, M. usaramensis, and M. pachycarpa. It has also been isolated from the medicinal plant Sarcolobus globosus. Barbigerone from S. globosus is validated to have significant antioxidant property. Barbigerone exhibits profound antiplasmodial activity against the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum.

Derrubone is a prenylated isoflavone, a type of flavonoid. It was originally isolated from the Indian tree Derris robusta. Recent research indicates that it acts as an inhibitor of Hsp90 to its function as a chaperone protein.

isoflavone chemical compound