Language contact

thumb|Sarah Geronimo and an interviewer code-switch between English and Filipino. Such code-switching is widespread in the Philippines. start=43|end=52|thumb|Maya Diab code-switches between English and [[Lebanese Arabic mid-sentence.]]

language which is created by intensive contact between two or more languages, which does not clearly derive primarily from one language

Turkic cryptolect spoken in Western China

Interlinguistics, also known as cosmoglottics, is the science of planned languages that has existed for more than a century. Formalised by Otto Jespersen in 1931 as the science of interlanguages, in more recent times, the field has been more focused with language planning, the collection of strategies to deliberately influence the structure and function of a living language. In this framework, interlanguages become a subset of planned languages, i.e. extreme cases of language planning.

sociolinguistic phenomenon in which some idioms begin to interact with each other, which causes them to change

transfer of a dominant language to other people, as a demonstration of military of economic power, along with other aspects of the dominant culture

group of languages

unknown pre-Indo-European language(s) spoken in prehistoric Greece before the coming of the Proto-Greek language in the Greek peninsula during the Bronze Age

Jopara () or Yopará () is a colloquial form of Guarani spoken in Paraguay which uses a number of Spanish loan words. Its name is from the Guarani word for “mixture”.

language that influences, or is influenced by another through contact

linguistic borrowing in which the sound and meaning of a foreign word are adjusted to match existing phonetic and semantic elements in the target language

language family between the Visayan and Bikol languages

aspect of history

the tendency of languages whose speaker communities overlap significantly to influence each other and become more similar as a result

occurrence of non-Indo-Aryan etymons in Vedic Sanskrit

process active during the Modern period of Romanian language

1955 J. R. R. Tolkien lecture

influence of the Slavic languages on the Romanian language