Lipid metabolism

catabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down in the cytosol (in prokaryotes)/mitochondria (in eukaryotes) to generate acetyl-CoA (which enters the citric acid cycle) and NADH and FADH₂ (used in the electron transport chain)

chemical compounds produced during the metabolism of fats

chemical compound

thumb|right|upright=1.8|This image illustrates the three separate steps of hydrolysis involved in lipolysis. In the first step, Triglyceride|triacylglycerol is hydrolyzed to make diacylglycerol and this is catalyzed by [[adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). In the second step, diacylglycerol is hydrolyzed to make monoacylglycerol and this is catalyzed by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). In the last step, monoacylglycerol is hydrolyzed to make glycerol and this is catalyzed by monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL). ]] thumb|upright=1.8|Example of a triacylglycerol Lipolysis is the metabolic pathway throu

chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids

creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and NADPH through the action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases. This process takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell

reaction(s) leading to production of (phospho)lipid peroxides

thumb|upright=1.2|class=skin-invert-image|Ketogenesis pathway. The three ketone bodies (acetoacetate, acetone, and beta-hydroxy-butyrate) are marked within orange boxes

In biochemistry, lipogenesis is the conversion of fatty acids and glycerol into fats, or a metabolic process through which acetyl-CoA is converted to triglyceride for storage in fat. Lipogenesis encompasses both fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis, with the latter being the process by which fatty acids are esterified to glycerol before being packaged into very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Fatty acids are produced in the cytoplasm of cells by repeatedly adding two-carbon units to acetyl-CoA. Triacylglycerol synthesis, on the other hand, occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of cells

class of enzymes

metabolic pathway by which 3-methyl branched fatty acids are degraded. These compounds are not degraded by the normal peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway, because the 3-methyl blocks the dehydrogenation of the hydroxyl group by hydroxyacyl-CoA dehyd

Metabolic process in some animals

Uvaricin is a bis(tetrahydrofuranoid) fatty acid lactone that was first isolated in 1982 from the roots of the Annonaceae Uvaria acuminata. Uvaricin was the first known example in a class of compounds known as acetogenins. Acetogenins, which are found in plants of the family Annonaceae, seem to kill cells by inhibiting NADH dehydrogenase in the mitochondrion. A method to synthesize uvaricin was first published in 1998, and an improved stereoselective synthesis published in 2001.