Literary movements

thumb|Caspar David Friedrich, [[Wanderer above the Sea of Fog, 1818]] thumb|right|Eugène Delacroix, [[Death of Sardanapalus, 1827, taking its Orientalist subject from a play by Lord Byron]] thumb|Philipp Otto Runge, The Morning, 1808

late nineteenth-century art movement of French, Russian and Belgian origin seeking to represent absolute truths symbolically through language and metaphorical images

literary movement

Parnassianism (or Parnassism) was a group of French poets that began during the positivist period of the 19th century (1860s–1890s), occurring after romanticism and prior to symbolism. The style was influenced by the author Théophile Gautier as well as by the philosophical ideas of Arthur Schopenhauer.

Italian literary movement

late-19th-century artistic and literary movement centered in Western Europe

school of poetry

literary movement

Négritude (from French "nègre" and "-itude" to denote a condition that can be translated as "Blackness"; ) is a framework of critique and literary theory, mainly developed by francophone intellectuals, writers, politicians, and visual artists in the African diaspora during the 1930s, aimed at raising and cultivating "black consciousness" across Africa and its diaspora. The progenitors of Négritude included the Martinican poet Aimé Césaire, Abdoulaye Sadji, Léopold Sédar Senghor (the first President of Senegal), and Léon Damas of French Guiana. Négritude intellectuals disavowed colonialism, rac

literary movement

The Jadid movement or Jadidism was a Turco-Islamic modernist political, religious, and cultural movement in the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th century. They normally referred to themselves by the Tatar terms Taraqqiparvarlar ("progressives"), Ziyalilar ("intellectuals"), or simply Yäşlär/Yoshlar ("youth"). The Jadid movement advocated for an Islamic social and cultural reformation through the revival of pristine Islamic beliefs and teachings, while simultaneously engaging with modernity. Jadids maintained that Muslim peoples in Tsarist Russia had entered a period of moral and s

thumb|300px| Pena Palace in [[Sintra, Portugal one of the points of reference for Neo-Romantic architecture]] The term neo-romanticism is used to cover a variety of movements in philosophy, literature, music, painting, and architecture, as well as social movements, that exist after and incorporate elements from the era of Romanticism.

thumb|Sitting: Vadim Shershenevich and [[Sergey Yesenin; standing: Fanny Shereshevskaya, Anatoly Marienhof, 1919]] Imaginism was a 1918–1925 literary association of Russian poets of the Silver Age. Representatives of imaginism stated that the purpose of creativity is to create an image. The main expressive means of imaginists is metaphor, often metaphorical chains that juxtapose various elements of two images: direct and figurative. The creative practice of the imaginists was characterized by outrageous, anarchic motives.

thumb|300px|Meeting of the Félibrige in 1854: Frédéric Mistral, [[Joseph Roumanille, Théodore Aubanel, Jean Brunet, Paul Giéra, Anselme Mathieu, Alphonse Tavan]] The Félibrige (; in classical Occitan, in Mistralian spelling, ) is a literary and cultural association founded in 1854 by Frédéric Mistral and other Provençal writers to defend and promote the Occitan language (also called the ) and literature. It is presided over by a (classical norm: ). The name possibly derives from an apocryphal Provençal story of Christ disputing in the temple with the seven doctors [sét félibre] of law.

Atticism (meaning "favouring Attica", the region of Athens in Greece) was a rhetorical movement that began in the first quarter of the 1st century BC. It may also refer to the wordings and phrasings typical of this movement, in contrast with various contemporary forms of Koine Greek (both literary and vulgar), which continued to evolve in directions guided by the common usages of Hellenistic Greek.

Unanimism (French: unanimisme) is a movement in French literature begun by Jules Romains in the early 1900s, with his first book, La vie unanime, published in 1904. It can be dated to a sudden conception Romains had in October 1903 of a 'communal spirit' or joint 'psychic life' in groups of people.

literature of the Romantic Period

thumb|right|José Jiménez Aranda (1837–1903): The Bullring (1870)

late 20th global century proliferation of Latin American literature

The Mahjar (, one of its more literal meanings being "the Arab diaspora") was a movement related to Romanticism migrant literary movement started by Arabic-speaking writers who had emigrated to the Americas from Ottoman-ruled Lebanon, Syria and Palestine at the turn of the 20th century and became a movement in the 1910s. Like their predecessors in the Nahda movement (or the "Arab Renaissance"), writers of the Mahjar movement were stimulated by their personal encounter with the Western world and participated in the renewal of Arabic literature, hence their proponents being sometimes referred to

movement in science fiction produced in the 1960s and 1970s

thumb|Studio Job Headquarters, [[Antwerp, Belgium, by Job Smeets, 2018]] thumb|Vans (brand)|Vans Half Cab 33 DX 30th Anniversary shoes, an example of maximalist design In the arts, maximalism is an aesthetic characterized by excess and abundance, serving as a reaction against minimalism. The philosophy can be summarized as "more is more", contrasting with the minimalist principle of "less is more".

term for 1st to 3rd century Greek sophist writers

group of Russian writers

movement in literature

movement in European drama and theatre

19th century society of writers

group of humans

ancient Greek rhetorical tendency in the 3rd century BCE

cultural and linguistic movement which began among Jews in Eastern Europe during the latter part of the 19th century

progressive literary movement in pre-partition British India

root-searching movement in China

Brazilian literary and artistic movement

Nadaism (, meaning "Nothing-ism" in English) was a Colombian artistic and philosophical counterculture movement active from 1958 to 1964. Founded by writer Gonzalo Arango, the movement was influenced by nihilism, existentialism, and the works of Colombian writer and philosopher Fernando González Ochoa.

artistic and literary community

literary genre

thumb|right|Symbol of Signalism Signalism (; from ) represents an international neo-avant-garde literary and art movement. It gathered wider support base both in former Yugoslavia and the world in the late 1960s and the beginning of the 1970s.

millennial period of literature of Sardinia, Italy

thumb|Zenit, a monthly periodical about Zenitism, ran from 1921 until it was forbidden in 1926

was a pre-war Japanese literary group led by Riichi Yokomitsu and Yasunari Kawabata which focused on exploring "new impressions" or "new perceptions" in the writing of Japanese literature. Riichi Yokomitsu wrote "The phenomenon of perception for Shinkankakuha is, to put it briefly, the direct, intuitive sensation of a subjectivity that peels away the naturalized exterior aspects and leaps into the thing itself."

Russian Symbolist art movement

Uruguayan artistic (litterary) movement

Créolité () is a literary movement first developed in the 1980s by the Martinican writers Patrick Chamoiseau, Jean Bernabé and Raphaël Confiant. They published Eloge de la créolité (In Praise of Creoleness) in 1989 as a response to the perceived inadequacies of the négritude movement. Créolité, or "creoleness", is a neologism which attempts to describe the cultural and linguistic heterogeneity of places like the Antilles and, more specifically, of the French Caribbean.

thumb|Count Henry Russell (explorer)|Henry Russell (foreground) and , seated near the entrance of the [[Russell Caves at the Vignemale, accompanied by their guides.|alt=Group of men posing in front of a mountain shelter dug into the rock.]] Pyreneanism (; alternatively Pyreneism) is a 19th-century sporting culture as well as an artistic and literary movement centered around exploring the Pyrenees in order to create works inspired by the experience, whether for contemplative, artistic, or scientific purposes. The term was coined in 1898 by the scholar Henri Beraldi in his book '''' (), where he

19th century French intellectual circle

thumb|Browsing through cartonera books created by Eloísa Cartonera thumb|Cartonera books from Eloísa Cartonera Cartonera is a social, political and artistic publishing movement that began in Argentina in 2003 and has since spread to countries throughout Latin America and, more recently, to Europe and Africa. The founders, Washington Cucurto, Javier Barilaro and Fernanda Laguna started Eloísa Cartonera in Buenos Aires in response to the 2001 economic crisis in which the Argentine peso plummeted to one third of its value. The difficult economic situation led to an increase in the number of carto

literary movement in Tang and Song dynasty China

Wikimedia list article