Cartonera

thumb|Browsing through cartonera books created by Eloísa Cartonera thumb|Cartonera books from Eloísa Cartonera Cartonera is a social, political and artistic publishing movement that began in Argentina in 2003 and has since spread to countries throughout Latin America and, more recently, to Europe and Africa. The founders, Washington Cucurto, Javier Barilaro and Fernanda Laguna started Eloísa Cartonera in Buenos Aires in response to the 2001 economic crisis in which the Argentine peso plummeted to one third of its value. The difficult economic situation led to an increase in the number of cartoneros, people who make their living collecting and selling salvaged materials to recycling plants.

Cartonera books are made from cardboard bought from cartoneros at three to five times more than the price set by recycling plants. The cardboard is then used to create covers for short books of prose or poetry. Each book cover is hand painted and sold on the streets at the cost of production in order to increase access to literature. This method of publication has provided the opportunity for unknown authors to be published and for renowned authors to reach a more diverse audience. Beyond selling affordable books, the Cartoneras promote literacy and democratization of literature throughout workshops and book fairs. The Cartonera publishers also involve the community in the process of book creation and distribution through a cooperative learning experience, putting aside educational and socioeconomic divides among participants. The books are generally published in small amounts of 100 or fewer; however, popular texts are kept in print or printed through neighbouring Cartoneras.