Meteorological instrumentation and equipment

thumb|Mercury thermometer (mercury-in-glass thermometer) for measurement of room temperature.

thumb|An analog barometer

thumb|A hemispherical-cup anemometer of the type invented in 1846 by Thomas Romney Robinson|John Thomas Romney Robinson

meteorological instrumentation used for showing the direction of the wind

set of sensors that record and provide physical measurements and meteorological parameters

meteorological instrumentation

thumb|A hair tension dial hygrometer with a nonlinear scale.

Lidar (, an acronym of light detection and ranging or laser imaging, detection, and ranging, often stylized LiDAR) is a method for determining ranges by targeting an object or a surface with a laser and measuring the time for the reflected light to return to the receiver. Lidar may operate in a fixed direction (e.g., vertical) or it may scan directions, in a special combination of 3D scanning and laser scanning.

A windsock (also known as wind cone or wind sleeve) is a tapered conical textile tube made with relatively lightweight material. When hung from a pole, it can be used as a basic indicator of wind speed and direction, or as decoration. Windsocks are typically used at airports to show the direction and strength of the wind to pilots, and at chemical plants where there is risk of gaseous leakage. They are also sometimes located alongside highways at windy locations.

thumb|Modern radiosondes showing progress of miniaturisationthumb|A Global Positioning System|GPS sonde, approx 220 × 80 ×75 mm (8.7 × 3.1 × 3 in) (with grounding station in the background, used to perform a 'ground check' and also recondition the humidity sensor)

thumb|right|A traditional barograph, without its protective case A barograph is a barometer that records the barometric pressure over time in graphical form. This instrument is also used to make a continuous recording of atmospheric pressure. The pressure-sensitive element, a partially evacuated metal cylinder, is linked to a pen arm in such a way that the vertical displacement of the pen is proportional to the changes in the atmospheric pressure.

sub-orbital rocket carrying scientific instruments

meteorological instrumentation

A pyranometer () is a type of actinometer used for measuring solar irradiance on a planar surface and it is designed to measure the solar radiation flux density (W/m2) from the hemisphere above within a wavelength range 0.3 μm to 3 μm.

radar used to locate and monitor meteorological conditions

alt=ISO 9060:2018 Class A Pyrheliometer|thumb|ISO 9060:2018 Class A, fast response & spectrally flat, pyrheliometer thumb|1913 Balloon Borne Pyrheliometer thumb|Typical pyrheliometer, for measurement of direct solar radiation

thermometer

meteorological device

A nephoscope is a 19th-century instrument for measuring the altitude, direction, and velocity of clouds, using transit-time measurement. This is different from a nephometer, which is an instrument used in measuring the amount of cloudiness.

thumb|A thermo-hygrograph

thumb|120px|right|Wind measurement with a Phased Array SODAR

meteorological instrumentation

thumb|right|Laser ceilometer A ceilometer is a device that uses a laser or other light source to determine the height of a cloud ceiling or cloud base. Ceilometers can also be used to measure the aerosol concentration within the atmosphere. A ceilometer that uses laser light is a type of atmospheric lidar (light detection and ranging) instrument.

sensor which measures heat transfer

thumb|210px|right|A nephelometer at the Kosan, Cheju Island, South Korea NOAA facility

switching device activated by rainfall

planned science mission to Mars featuring semi-hard landing strategy

device that detects lightning

thumb|A disdrometer in place in the Everglades

set of sensors that record and provide physical measurements and meteorological parameters without any human intervention

thumb|right|A cyanometer by Horace-Bénédict de Saussure (from the collection of ''Musée d'histoire des sciences de la Ville de Genève) thumb|right|An artwork in Ljubljana, Slovenia, inspired by a cyanometer A cyanometer (from cyan and -meter'') is an instrument for measuring "blueness", specifically the colour intensity of blue sky. It is attributed to Horace-Bénédict de Saussure and Alexander von Humboldt. It consists of squares of paper dyed in graduated shades of blue and arranged in a color circle or square that can be held up and compared to the color of the sky.

thumb|upright=0.65|Galileo Galilei|Galileo thermoscope, The [[Musée des Arts et Métiers, Paris]] A thermoscope is a device that shows changes in temperature. A typical design is a tube in which a liquid rises and falls as the temperature changes. The modern thermometer gradually evolved from it with the addition of a scale in the early 17th century and standardisation throughout the 17th and 18th centuries.

weather aircraft series by Lockheed

ballon observed to determine the height of the base of clouds

thumb|Dropsonde delivery system on a NOAA P-3 Hurricane Hunter. A dropsonde is an expendable weather reconnaissance device created by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), designed to be dropped from an aircraft at altitude over water to measure (and therefore track) storm conditions as the device falls to the surface. The sonde contains a GPS receiver, along with pressure, temperature, and humidity (PTH) sensors to capture atmospheric profiles and thermodynamic data. It typically relays this data to a computer in the aircraft by radio transmission.

alternative to the mercury thermometer

alt=SRA30 albedometer consisting of 2 pyranometers|thumb|Typical albedometer consisting of two pyranometers, model SRA30. An albedometer is an instrument used to measure the albedo (reflecting radiation) of a surface. An albedometer is mostly used to measure the reflectance of earths surface. It is also useful to evaluate thermal effects in buildings and generation capacity with bifacial solar photovoltaic panels. Often it consists of two pyranometers: one facing up towards the sky and one facing down towards the surface. From the ratio of incoming and reflecting radiation the albedo can be ca

apparatus for collecting liquid water from fog, using a fine mesh

instrument that combines several climate elements to mesure evaporation

A koniscope (or coniscope) is a scientific instrument to detect and measure content of dust particles in the atmosphere. A koniscope is also called dust counter, or Aitken dust counter, named after John Aitken who invented the first koniscope.

instrument to gather and measure the amount of solid precipitation (snow)

sounding rocket

measuring device used in meteorology

aircraft

type of aircraft

meteorological device

instrument to measure wind speed and direction at various elevations above the ground

weather vane

thumb|right|alt=A keogram (below) showing the plot (graphics)|plot based on the marked slice of the images (above) taken by the camera. |A keogram (below) showing the plot based on the marked slice of the images (above) taken by the camera. A keogram ("keo" from "Keoeeit" – Inuit word for "Aurora Borealis") is a way of displaying the intensity of an auroral display over time. It creates a time-dependent graph by taking a narrow slice of a series of images recorded by a camera, more specifically and ideally a "whole sky camera". Keograms are usually created from a north-south oriented slice of

specialized camera in meteorology and astronomy

optical band-pass filter used in the physical sciences

A drosometer (from Classical Greek , drosos, dew + , metron, measure) is an apparatus for measuring the quantity of dew formed in a unit of time per unit area of surface.

meteorological tool

snow depth observation data near GPS station

meteorological data collection by commercial aircraft

thumb|A ''ch'ŭgugi at Jang Yeong-sil Science Garden in [[Busan]] '''Ch'ŭgugi''' () were rain gauges invented and used during the Joseon dynasty of Korea. They were invented and supplied to each provincial office during the reign of King Sejong the Great. As of 2010, only one ch'ŭgugi remains, known as the Geumyeong Cheugugi (), which literally means "ch'ŭgugi'' installed on the provincial office's yard." It is designated as National Treasure #561 of Korea and was installed in the provincial office of Gongju city, 1837 by King Yeongjo. In addition, the official measure of rainfall by ''ch'ŭgugi

hygrometric folk art

thumb|Dewcell (centre) with the protective guard used for storage and transportation on the right and the cover used while in operation on the left.

thumb|MS-80 Class A Pyranometer thumb|A modern pyranometer, shown here is model SR20 A solarimeter is a pyranometer, a type of measuring device used to measure combined direct and diffuse solar radiation. An integrating solarimeter measures energy developed from solar radiation based on the absorption of heat by a black body. The principle this instrument was designed on was first developed by the Italian priest, Father Angelo Bellani. He invented the actinometric method which is based on physical and chemical techniques.

type of radar display