Meteorological quantities

temperature at which a substance changes from liquid into vapor

thumb|Albedo change in Greenland: The map shows the difference between the amount of sunlight [[Greenland reflected in the summer of 2011 versus the amount it reflected between 2000 and 2006. Some areas reflect close to 20 percent less light than a decade ago.]] Albedo ( ; ) is the fraction of sunlight that is diffusely reflected by a body. It is measured on a scale from 0 (corresponding to a black body that absorbs all incident radiation) to 1 (corresponding to a body that reflects all incident radiation). Surface albedo is defined as the ratio of radiosity Je to the irradiance Ee (flux per u

temperature at which air becomes saturated with water vapour

pressure exterted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium

thumb|right|260px|Water cycle of the Earth's surface, showing the individual components of transpiration and evaporation that make up evapotranspiration. Other closely related processes shown are runoff and [[groundwater recharge.]]

In meteorology, visibility is the measure of the distance at which an object or light can be clearly discerned. It depends on the transparency of the surrounding air and as such, it is unchanging no matter the ambient light level or time of day. It is reported within surface weather observations and METAR code either in meters or statute miles, depending upon the country. Visibility affects all forms of traffic: roads, railways, sailing and aviation.

measure

geographic direction from which a wind blows

lowering of body temperature due to the passing-flow of lower-temperature air

power per unit area received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation

part of the year during which local weather conditions permit normal plant growth

In continuum mechanics, vorticity is a pseudovector (or axial vector) field that describes the local spinning motion of a continuum near some point (the tendency of something to rotate), as would be seen by an observer located at that point and traveling along with the flow. It is an important quantity in the dynamical theory of fluids and provides a convenient framework for understanding a variety of complex flow phenomena, such as the generation of lift on wings.

mass per unit volume of earths atmosphere

temperature that a fluid would attain if adiabatically brought to a standard reference pressure

night with temperature of at least 20 degrees Celsius

indicator of atmospheric instability used in meteorology

temperature index that accounts for the effects of humidity

estimation of the temperature perceived by living beings, considering humidity, windchill and sun exposure instead of only the air temperature

Vertical rate of change of temperature in atmosphere

distance over which a pilot of an aircraft on the centreline of the runway can see the runway surface markings

measure of tropical cyclone activity

meteorological concept

physical quantity that expresses hot and cold in the atmosphere

daily and seasonal arc-like path that the Sun appears to follow across the sky as the Earth rotates and orbits the Sun

heuristic tool in phenology

specific altitude in the atmosphere

temperature of a mass of air after all the water vapor has been extracted without exchanging mass or heat with its surroundings

temperature of dry air parcels that have a total pressure and density equal to a moist parcel of air

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measure in meteorology

measurement of dryness

thumb|Scale of cloud cover measured in oktas (eighths) with the meteorological symbol for each okta

unit of measure used in weather radar