Microcontrollers

Arduino () is an Italian open-source hardware and software company (owned by Qualcomm), as well as a project and user community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital and other kinds of devices. Its hardware products are licensed under a CC BY-SA license, while the software is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) or the GNU General Public License (GPL), permitting the manufacture of Arduino boards and software distribution by anyone. Arduino boards are available commercially from the official website or t

thumb|The die (integrated circuit)|die from an [[Intel 8742, an 8-bit microcontroller that includes a CPU running at of RAM, of EPROM, and I/O in the same chip]] thumbnail|Two ATmega microcontrollers

RISC-V (pronounced "risk-five") is a free and open standard instruction set architecture (ISA) based on reduced instruction set computer (RISC) principles. Unlike proprietary ISAs such as x86 and ARM, RISC-V is described as "free and open" because its specifications are released under permissive open-source licenses and can be implemented without paying royalties.

series of microprocessors

ESP32 is a family of low-cost, energy-efficient microcontrollers that integrate both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities. These chips feature a variety of processing options, including the Tensilica Xtensa LX6 microprocessor available in both dual-core and single-core variants, the Xtensa LX7 dual-core processor, or a RISC-V microprocessor. In addition, the ESP32 incorporates components essential for wireless data communication such as built-in antenna switches, an RF balun, power amplifiers, low-noise receivers, filters, and power-management modules.

thumb|ESP-01 module by Ai-Thinker with ESP8266EX SoC

series of single-board-computer models

writing firmware to an embedded device while it's installed in a system

microcontroller

RISC-based microprocessor design

Blackfin is a family of hybrid 16/32-bit microprocessors developed, manufactured and marketed by Analog Devices. The processors have built-in, fixed-point digital signal processor (DSP) functionality performed by 16-bit multiply–accumulates (MACs), accompanied on-chip by a 32-bit microcontroller. It was designed for a unified low-power processor architecture that can run operating systems while simultaneously handling complex numeric tasks such as real-time H.264 video encoding.

microcontroller

thumb|Two Microchip PIC16C84 chips The PIC16C84, PIC16F84 and PIC16F84A are 8-bit microcontrollers of which the EEPROM based PIC16C84 was the first introduced in March 16 1993 at the suggested retail price of $3.72 in quantities of 10,000. It is a member of the PIC family of controllers, produced by Microchip Technology. The memory architecture makes use of bank switching. Software tools for assembler, debug and programming were only available for DOS and Microsoft Windows 3.X operating systems.

thumb|SiRFstarIII GSC3f thumb|right|SiRFstarIII chip based 20-channel GPS receiver with Wide Area Augmentation System|WAAS/EGNOS support SiRFstarIII is a range of high sensitivity GPS microcontroller chips manufactured by SiRF Technology. GPS microcontroller chips interpret signals from GPS satellites and determine the position of the GPS receiver. It was announced in 2004.

thumb|right|PICAXE 20M2 PICAXE is a microcontroller system based on a range of Microchip PIC microcontrollers. PICAXE devices are Microchip PIC devices with pre-programmed firmware that enables bootloading of code directly from a PC, simplifying hobbyist embedded development (similar to the Arduino and Parallax BASIC Stamp systems). PICAXE devices have been produced by Revolution Education (Rev-Ed) since 1999.

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microprocessor

hybrid of microcontrollers and digital signal processors

microcontroller

microcontroller built onto a single printed circuit board

The National Semiconductor COP8 is an 8-bit CISC core microcontroller. COP8 is an enhancement to the earlier COP400 4-bit microcontroller family. COP8 main features are:

The ELM327 is a programmed microcontroller produced for translating the on-board diagnostics (OBD) interface found in most modern cars. The ELM327 command protocol is one of the most popular PC-to-OBD interface standards and is also implemented by other vendors.

thumb|right|PICkit 1 PICkit is a family of programmers for PIC microcontrollers made by Microchip Technology. They are used to program and debug microcontrollers, as well as program EEPROM. Some models may also feature logic analyzers and serial communications (UART) tools.

CompactRISC is a family of instruction set architectures from National Semiconductor. The architectures are designed according to reduced instruction set computing principles, and are mainly used in microcontrollers. The subarchitectures of this family are the 16-bit CR16 and CR16C and the 32-bit CRX.