NASA space probes

space probe launched by NASA to study the outer Solar System, furthest spacecraft from Earth

NASA probe that visited Pluto and Kuiper belt object 486958 Arrokoth

space probe launched by NASA to study the outer Solar System, second furthest spacecraft from Earth after Voyager 1

Cassini–Huygens ( ), commonly called Cassini, was a space-research mission by NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) to send a space probe to study the planet Saturn and its system, including its rings and natural satellites. The Flagship-class robotic spacecraft comprised both NASA's Cassini space probe and ESA's Huygens lander, which landed on Saturn's largest moon, Titan. Cassini was the fourth space probe to visit Saturn and the first to enter its orbit, where it stayed from 2004 to 2017. The two craft took their names from the astronomers Giovanni Cassin

defunct NASA space telescope

robotic spacecraft on a space exploration mission on Mars under the Mars Scout Program

NASA spacecraft orbiting the planet Jupiter

American robotic rover exploring Jezero Crater on Mars

NASA program to send an orbiter to the Jupiter system

NASA space probe exploring Vesta and Ceres

MESSENGER was a NASA robotic space probe that orbited the planet Mercury between 2011 and 2015, studying Mercury's chemical composition, geology, and magnetic field. The name is a backronym for Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging, and a reference to the messenger god Mercury from Roman mythology.

The Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) mission was a robotic lander designed to study the deep interior of the planet Mars. It was manufactured by Lockheed Martin Space, was managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and two of its three scientific instruments were built by European agencies. InSight confirmed "marsquakes" on the planet and thus a still active interior.

American robotic rover exploring Gale Crater on Mars

NASA space probe in orbit of Mars

decommissioned NASA rotorcraft on the Mars 2020 mission

NASA robotic space probe to probe the outer corona of the Sun

Mars lander

Mars mission by NASA, with rover named "Curiosity"

MAVEN is a NASA spacecraft orbiting Mars to study the loss of its atmospheric gases to space, providing insight into the history of the planet's climate and water. The name is an acronym for "Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution" while the word maven also denotes "a person who has special knowledge or experience; an expert".

thumb|OSIRIS-REx in Launch Configuration

2001 NASA orbiter studying the geology and hydrology of Mars

Mars mission by NASA, with rover named "Perseverance" and helicopter named "Ingenuity"

US spacecraft developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory

first mission in NASA's Solar System Exploration program; impact of asteroid Dimorphos in 65803 Didymos system

NASA Cosmic Microwave Background probe launched in 2001

robotic space mission from NASA involving two Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity exploring the planet Mars

NASA robotic space probe that studied the Sun

space probe launched by NASA in 1999

space probe

robotic spacecraft lander launched by NASA on January 3, 1999

1996 robotic space probe that landed on asteroid 433 Eros in 2001

NASA space probe launched in 2005 to study comet Tempel 1

robotic space probe launched by NASA on December 11, 1998

decommissioned American infrared space telescope

thirteenth mission of the Discovery program; multiple-flyby reconnaissance of five Jupiter trojans

NASA space mission en route to Jupiter and Europa

spacecraft

The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE; ) was a NASA lunar exploration and technology demonstration mission. It was launched on a Minotaur V rocket from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport on September 7, 2013. During its seven-month mission, LADEE orbited the Moon's equator, using its instruments to study the lunar exosphere and dust in the Moon's vicinity. Instruments included a dust detector, neutral mass spectrometer, and ultraviolet-visible spectrometer, as well as a technology demonstration consisting of a laser communications terminal. The mission ended on April 18, 2

The Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) was a robotic spacecraft operated by NASA. The mission was conceived as a low-cost means of determining the nature of hydrogen detected at the polar regions of the Moon. Launched immediately after discovery of lunar water by Chandrayaan-1, the main LCROSS mission objective was to further explore the presence of water in the form of ice in a permanently shadowed crater near a lunar polar region. It was successful in confirming water in the southern lunar crater Cabeus.

NASA sample return probe

NASA mission designed for a low polar orbit investigation of the Moon

NASA spacecraft en route to metallic asteroid 16 Psyche

American lunar orbiter

Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) mission began in February 2007 as a constellation of five NASA satellites (THEMIS-A through THEMIS-E) to study energy releases from Earth's magnetosphere known as substorms, magnetic phenomena that intensify auroras near Earth's poles. The name of the mission is an acronym alluding to the Titan Themis.

thumb|right|MoonKAM shot The Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) was an American lunar science mission in NASA's Discovery Program which used high-quality gravitational field mapping of the Moon to determine its interior structure. The two small spacecraft, GRAIL A (Ebb) and GRAIL B (Flow), were launched on 10 September 2011 aboard a single launch vehicle: the most-powerful configuration of a Delta II, the 7920H-10. GRAIL A separated from the rocket about nine minutes after launch, GRAIL B followed about eight minutes later. They arrived at their orbits around the Moon 25 hours ap

twin Mars impact probes

astronomical observatory satellite

NASA scientific satellite

pair of solar probes operated by NASA and DLR

American magnetospheric research satellite

The Comet Nucleus Tour (CONTOUR) was a NASA Discovery-class space probe that failed shortly after its July 2002 launch. It was the only Discovery mission to fail.

NASA space mission in the Van Allen radiation belts

CAPSTONE (Cislunar Autonomous Positioning System Technology Operations and Navigation Experiment) is a lunar orbiter that is testing and verifying the calculated orbital stability planned for the now canceled Lunar Gateway space station. The spacecraft is a 12-unit CubeSat that is also testing a navigation system that is measuring its position relative to NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) without relying on ground stations. It was launched on 28 June 2022, arrived in lunar orbit on 14 November 2022, and was scheduled to orbit for six months. On 18 May 2023, it completed its primary mis

space probe

Mars flyby mission

Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers (ESCAPADE) is a spacecraft mission to Mars consisting of two spacecraft known as Blue and Gold, which launched in November 2025. The mission is designed to demonstrate low-cost planetary space exploration. The twin spacecraft will study Mars' magnetosphere and how solar wind contributed to the loss of most of the planet's atmosphere over Solar System history. The mission is led by UC Berkeley's Space Sciences Laboratory with Dr. Robert Lillis as Principal Investigator. It is part of NASA's SIMPLEx program.

NASA small satellite which was planned to orbit the Moon

proposed space-based infrared telescope designed to survey the Solar System for potentially hazardous asteroids

planned solar sail spacecraft

LunIR (Lunar InfraRed Imaging, formerly known as SkyFire) is a nanosatellite spacecraft launched to the Moon collecting surface spectroscopy and thermography. It was launched as a secondary payload on the Artemis 1 mission on 16 November 2022.