One-of-a-kind computers

Wikimedia history article

chess-playing supercomputer built by IBM

artificial intelligence computer system made by IBM

proposed mechanical general-purpose computer, designed by Charles Babbage

early American computer

first working programmable, fully automatic digital computer

thumb|275px|The EDVAC as installed in Building 328 at the Ballistic Research Laboratory EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer) was one of the earliest electronic computers. It was built by Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States. Along with ORDVAC, it was a successor to the ENIAC. Unlike ENIAC, it was binary rather than decimal, and was designed to be a stored-program computer.

The Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC) was an early British computer. Inspired by John von Neumann's seminal First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC, the machine was constructed by Maurice Wilkes and his team at the University of Cambridge Mathematical Laboratory in England to provide a service to the university. EDSAC was the second electronic digital stored-program computer, after the Manchester Mark 1, to go into regular service.

supercomputer built by IBM

first electronic stored-program computer

supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

early electronic digital computing device

motor driven mechanical computer built by Konrad Zuse in the 1930's

supercomputer in Kobe

English stored-program computer, 1949

highly parallel vector supercomputer system for running global climate models

computer

codename for an IBM supercomputer at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

supercomputer that used to be at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

vacuum tube computer

computer

thumb|TX-0 computer circuitry used Philco surface-barrier transistors, which were encapsulated in plug-in vacuum tubes for testing and easy removal. thumb|Philco surface-barrier transistor advertisement for the first high-frequency transistors, which were used in the TX-0 transistorized computer

British early electronic serial stored-program computer

chess computer

computer

supercomputer

BINAC (Binary Automatic Computer) is an early electronic computer that was designed for Northrop Aircraft Company by the Eckert–Mauchly Computer Corporation (EMCC) in 1949. Eckert and Mauchly had started the design of EDVAC at the University of Pennsylvania, but chose to leave and start EMCC, the first computer company in the United States. BINAC was their first product, the first stored-program computer in the United States; BINAC is also sometimes claimed to be the world's first commercial digital computer even though it was limited in scope and never fully functional after delivery.

first massively parallel computer

early computer model

Early British computer

NASA supercomputer at Ames Research Center/NAS

early analog computer based on hydraulics

codebreaking device created at Polish Cipher Bureau

machine to break the DES cypher by brute force

supercomputer in China

MESM (Ukrainian: MEOM, Мала Електронна Обчислювальна Машина; Russian: МЭСМ, Малая Электронно-Счетная Машина; 'Small Electronic Calculating Machine') was the first universally programmable electronic computer in the Soviet Union. By some authors, it was also depicted as the first one in continental Europe, even though the electromechanical computers Zuse Z4 and the Swedish BARK preceded it.

IBM Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator

CSIRAC (; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Automatic Computer), originally known as CSIR Mk 1, was Australia's first digital computer, and the fifth stored-program computer in the world. It is the oldest surviving first-generation electronic computer (the Zuse Z4 at the Deutsches Museum is older, but was electro-mechanical, not electronic). It was the first computer to play digital music.

electromechanical computer at Harvard University, completed in 1947

first-generation electronic computer built in 1950

chess machine

1952 electronic stored-program computer

cryptanalysis computer

thumb|right|350px|The console of the BRLESC computer (US Army photo) right|thumb|BRLESC hardware (right) compared to its predecessors The BRLESC I (Ballistic Research Laboratories Electronic Scientific Computer) was one of the last of the first-generation electronic computers. It was built by the United States Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory (BRL) at Aberdeen Proving Ground with assistance from the National Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of Standards and Technology), and was designed to take over the computational workload of EDVAC and ORDVAC, which themselves were succes

computer

thumb|DASK in :da:Danmarks Tekniske Museum|Danmarks Tekniske Museum. The DASK was the first computer in Denmark. It was commissioned in 1955, designed and constructed by Regnecentralen, and began operation in September 1957. DASK is an acronym for Dansk Aritmetisk Sekvens Kalkulator or Danish Arithmetic Sequence Calculator. Regnecentralen almost did not allow the name, as the word dask means "slap" in Danish. In the end, however, it was named so as it fit the pattern of the name BESK, the Swedish computer which provided the initial architecture for DASK.

The MIT Lincoln Laboratory TX-2 computer was the successor to the Lincoln TX-0 and was known for its role in advancing both artificial intelligence and human–computer interaction. Wesley A. Clark was the chief architect of the TX-2.

early Swedish relay computer

chess computer

1993 supercomputer by Fujitsu and NAL

prototype computer

early computer from 1958

The RAYDAC (for Raytheon Digital Automatic Computer) was a one-of-a-kind computer built by Raytheon. It was started in 1949 and finished in 1953. It was installed at the Naval Air Missile Test Center at Point Mugu, California. The RAYDAC used 5,200 vacuum tubes and 18,000 crystal diodes. It had 1,152 words of memory (36 bits per word), using delay-line memory, with an access time of up to 305 microseconds. Its addition time was 38 microseconds, multiplication time was 240 microseconds, and division time was 375 microseconds. (These times exclude the memory-access

1950s computer

ChipTest was a 1985 chess playing computer built by Feng-hsiung Hsu, Thomas Anantharaman and Murray Campbell at Carnegie Mellon University. It is the predecessor of Deep Thought which in turn evolved into Deep Blue.

thumb|Today the is in the Technisches Museum Wien.

thumb|CER-10 computer (CPU inside), displayed at the Museum of Science and Technology, Belgrade