chess-playing supercomputer built by IBM
Deep Blue was a supercomputer built by IBM that was designed to play chess at an elite level. It became historically significant when it defeated world chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997, marking a major milestone in artificial intelligence and demonstrating that machines could outperform humans at complex strategic games.
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Deep Blue was a customized IBM RS/6000 SP supercomputer for chess-playing designed by computer scientist Feng-hsiung Hsu. It was the first computer to win a game, and the first to win a match, against a reigning world champion under regular time controls. Development began in 1985 at Carnegie Mellon University under the name ChipTest. It then moved to IBM, where it was first renamed Deep Thought, then again in 1989 to Deep Blue. In 1996, it was used to compete against world champion Garry Kasparov in a six-game match, where it won one, drew two, and lost three games. In 1997, it underwent an upgrade, and in a six-game rematch it defeated Kasparov by winning two games and drawing three. Deep Blue's victory is considered a milestone in the history of artificial intelligence and has been the subject of several books and films.
History
Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).