Turkic toponyms

thumb|May 2015 satellite image of the Crimean Peninsula

mountain range in Russia

The Irtysh () is a river in Russia, China, and Kazakhstan. It is the chief tributary of the Ob and is also the longest tributary in the world.

loosely defined region in Central Asia

Budjak, also known as Budzhak, is a historical region that was part of Bessarabia from 1812 to 1940. Situated along the Black Sea, between the Danube and Dniester rivers, this multi-ethnic region covers an area of and is home to approximately 600,000 people. The majority of the region (former Izmail Oblast) is now located in Ukraine's Odesa Oblast, while the remaining part is found in the southern districts of Moldova. The region is bordered to the north by the rest of Moldova, to the west and south by Romania, and to the east by the Black Sea and the rest of Ukraine. thumb|Shepherd in Budjak

thumb|300px|The region of the "seven rivers", only five of which still exist today Jetisu (, ), also known as Semirechye () and Heptopotamia, is a historical region in Central Asia corresponding to the southeastern part of modern Kazakhstan.

peninsula in Kazakhstan

Yedisan (also Jedisan or Edisan; , , , , , Dobrujan Tatar: Ğedísan) was a conditional name for Özi [Paşa] Sancağı (Ochakiv Sanjak) of Silistra Eyalet, a territory located in today's Southern Ukraine between the Dniester and the Southern Bug (Boh). It was placed by the Ottomans under the control of the Nogai Horde in the 17th and 18th centuries and was named after one of the Nogai Hordes.

region in the north of modern Afghanistan, populated mainly by Usbeks, Tajiks, Pamyrs and Turkmens

thumb|upright=0.8|A map of Turkmeneli on a monument in Altun Kupri (). thumb|right|An Iraqi Turkmen youth holding a Turkmeneli scarf. Turkmeneli (), also known as Turkmenland, and historically as Turcomania and East Turkmeneli (), is a geopolitical term used to define the vast swath of territory in which the Iraqi Turkmens historically have had a dominant population. The term incorporates the Iraqi Turkmen homelands running from Iraq's border with Turkey and Syria and diagonally down the country to the border with Iran. It is sometimes referred to as East Turkmeneli to distinguish from the Syr

region in northeast Iran

closed, drainless depression