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44 BC was the year in which Julius Caesar was assassinated on the Ides of March (March 15th), an event that fundamentally shook the Roman Republic and set the stage for its eventual transition to imperial rule. This assassination by members of the Senate, including his close associate Brutus, marked a pivotal turning point in ancient history that led to civil war and the rise of Caesar's heir Octavian.
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The Roman empire in 44 BC (in dark and light red and orange)
Year 44 BC was either a common year starting on Sunday, common year starting on Monday, leap year starting on Friday, or leap year starting on Saturday. (the sources differ, see leap year error for further information) and a common year starting on Sunday of the Proleptic Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Julius Caesar V and Marc Antony (or, less frequently, year 710 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 44 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.