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Akbar

Also known as Jalal-ud-Din Muhammad Akbar, Akbar the Great, Akbar Mahan, Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar, Akbar I

Akbar (Jalal-ud-Din Muhammad Akbar, – ), also known as Akbar the Great, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expand and consolidate Mughal domains in the Indian subcontinent. He is generally considered one of the greatest emperors in Indian history and led a successful campaign to unify the various kingdoms of Hindūstān or India proper.

OverviewAI-generated

Akbar was a male monarch of the Mughal dynasty, born at Umarkot Fort on October 15, 1542. He held the noble title of sultan and was the son of Humayun and Hamida Banu Begum. His spouse included Mariam-uz-Zamani, Ruqaiya Sultan Begum, and Salima Sultan Begum. He had children including Jahangir I, Murad Mirza of Hindustan, Prince Daniyal, and Aram Banu Begum. His siblings were Bakshi Banu Begum and Mirza Muhammad Hakim.

Akbar practiced Islam and Din-e Ilahi, and spoke Chagatai, Persian, and Hindustani. He died in 1605 from dysentery, with recorded dates of October 15 or October 27. He is buried at Akbar's Tomb. His name in his native language is جلال‌الدین مُحمَّد اکبر. He is described by sources including the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition, and The Nuttall Encyclopædia.

Synthesized by Vinony from 37 facts across 6 sources: Wikidata, Crossref, Open Library, MusicBrainz, Last.fm, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Person · Open Library

Born: 1934
Works: 38

Top works

Dar rābiṭah bā Inqilāb-i Islāmī
Kārnāmah va khāṭirāt-i sāl-i 1359
Kārnāmah va khāṭirāt-i Hāshimī Rafsanjānī sāl-i 1374
Amīr-i Kabīr yā qahramān-i mubārizah bā isti'mār
Dar āyinah

via Open Library + Wikidata

Music · MusicBrainz

Type: Person
Gender: Male
Origin: United States

Discography

Big Bang Boogie2001
Planet X2012

Discogs

via MusicBrainz · CC0

Listeners · Last.fm

Listeners: 5,829
Total plays: 42,367

Recent publications · Crossref

5 total works indexed

via Crossref · CC0

Quotes

“Like a good Turk he had no effeminate distaste for human blood; when, at the age of fourteen, he was invited to win the title of Ghazi—Slayer of the Infidel—by killing a Hindu prisoner, he cut off the man’s head at once with one stroke of his scimitar. These were the barbarous beginnings of a man destined to become one of the wisest, most humane and most cultured of all the kings known to history.”
“[The people also got busy collecting] "all kinds of exploded errors, and brought them to his Majesty, as if they were so many presents... Every doctrine and command of Islam as the prophetship, the harmony of Islam with reason... the details of the day of resurrection and judgement, all were doubted and ridiculed."”
“Akbar was the first emperor to abolish Jizyah with one stroke of pen, along with all its associations and implications, including the distinction of Muslim and Dhimmî into the bargain. His son and grandson followed his example in regard to Jizyah, generally speaking, but reimposed upon the Hindus all the other restrictions and disabilities suffered by them before.”

via Wikiquote · CC BY-SA

Key facts

Royalty.image: Govardhan. Akbar With Lion and Calf ca. 1630, Metmuseum (cropped).jpg
Royalty.caption: Akbar with a lion and a calf, by Govardhan,
Royalty.name: Akbar منِ بزرگتر
Royalty.title: PadishahGhazi Shahenshah-e-Hind(King of Kings of India)
Royalty.succession: Mughal emperor
Royalty.reign: 11 February 1556 – 27 October 1605
Royalty.coronation: 14 February 1556Takht-i-Akbari, Kalanaur
Royalty.predecessor: HumayunHemu (as ruler of Delhi)
Royalty.successor: Jahangir
Royalty.regent: Bairam Khan (1556–1560)
Royalty.spouse type: Consorts
Royalty.spouses type: Wives
Royalty.issue link: Issue
Royalty.full name: Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar
Royalty.dynasty: Timurid
Royalty.posthumous name: Arsh-Ashyani ()
Royalty.house: Mughal
Royalty.father: Humayun

via Wikipedia infobox

~78 min read

Encyclopedic overview

53 sections

Contents

Early years
Ancestry
Military campaigns
Military innovations
North India
Central India
Assassination attempt
Rajputana
Western and Eastern India
Afghanistan and Central Asia
Indus Valley
Baluchistan
Safavids and Kandahar
Deccan Sultans
Administration
Political structure
Taxation
Military organisation
Capitals
Culture
Economy
Trade
Coins
Diplomacy
Matrimonial alliances
Foreign relations
Relations with the Portuguese
Relations with the Ottoman Empire
Relations with the Safavid dynasty
Relations with other contemporary kingdoms
Religious policy
Association with the Muslim aristocracy
Din-i Ilahi
Relation with Hindus
Relation with Jains
Historical accounts
Personality
Hagiography
Akbarnāma, the ''Book of Akbar''
Consorts and concubines
Death
Legacy
Issue
In popular culture
Films and television
Fiction
Video games
See also
Notes
References
Bibliography
Further reading
External links

Akbar gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include much of the Indian subcontinent through Mughal military, political, cultural, and economic dominance. To unify the vast Mughal state, Akbar established a centralised system of administration and adopted a policy of conciliating conquered rulers through marriage and diplomacy. To preserve peace and order in a religiously and culturally diverse empire, he adopted policies that won him the support of his non-Muslim subjects, including abolishing the sectarian tax and appointing them to high civil and military posts.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Akbar” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.