
File:Aurangzeb-portrait.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
Aurangzeb
Sign in to saveAlso known as Aurangezeb, Alamgir I, Alamgir Shah, Abul Muzaffar Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb, Alamgir Aurangzeb, Aurungzebe
Alamgir I (Muhi al-Din Muhammad; 3 November 1618 – 3 March 1707), commonly known by the title Aurangzeb, was the sixth Mughal emperor, reigning from 1658 until his death in 1707. Under his reign, the Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent, with territory spanning nearly the entirety of the Indian subcontinent.
OverviewAI-generated
Aurangzeb (1618–1707) was a male monarch of the Mughal dynasty who served as the ruler of the Mughal Empire. Born in Dahod, he was the son of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal. He practiced Islam and spoke Persian, Arabic, Chagatai, and Hindustani. Aurangzeb was married to Dilras Banu and Nawab Bai, and his children included Sultan Muhammad Akbar, Zeb-un-Nisa, Mehr-un-Nissa, and Azam Shah. He had several siblings, including Jahanara Begum, Gauhar Ara Begum, Roshanara Begum, and Shah Shuja.
His notable works include *Ruqʻāt-i ʻĀlamgīrī-i muḥashshá*, *Fatāvá Hindiyyah*, *Aurangzeb ke k̲hut̤ūt̤*, and *Ruqʻāt-i ʻĀlamgīrī*. He is quoted as saying, "An emperor ought to stand midway between gentleness and severity," and "Take heart, my friends! There is a God! There is a God!" Aurangzeb died in Ahilyanagar and was buried at the Tomb of Aurangzeb.
Synthesized by Vinony from 33 facts across 6 sources: Wikidata, Crossref, Open Library, Last.fm, Wikiquote, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Person · Open Library
- Born
- 1618
- Died
- 1707
- Works
- 13
Top works
- Ruqʻāt-i ʻĀlamgīrī-i muḥashshá
- Fatāvá Hindiyyah
- Aurangzeb ke k̲hut̤ūt̤
- Ruqʻāt-i ʻAlamgīr, yaʻnī, Aʻlaḥaz̤rat Sulṭānulhind Muḥammad Aurangzeb ʻĀlamgīr ke khut̤ūt̤ va makātīb ... tārīkhī tartīb par yakjā kiʾe gaʻe hain̲
- Ruqʻāt-i ʻĀlamgīrī
via Open Library + Wikidata
Listeners · Last.fm
- Listeners
- 4
- Total plays
- 39
<a href="https://www.last.fm/music/Aurangzeb">Read more on Last.fm</a>
Recent publications · Crossref
5 total works indexed
- Tocilizumab in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial
· 2021 · cited 1,539x
- Deterministic Evolutionary Trajectories Influence Primary Tumor Growth: TRACERx Renal
· 2018 · cited 600x
- Hybrid CNN-LSTM Model for Short-Term Individual Household Load Forecasting
· 2020 · cited 498x
- Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2023
· 2025 · cited 474x
- Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised controlled, open-label, platform trial
· 2021 · cited 414x
via Crossref · CC0
Quotes
- “I wish you to recollect that the greatest conquerors are not always the greatest kings. The nations of the earth have often been subjugated by mere uncivilized barbarians, and the most extensive conquests have, in a few short years, crumbled to pieces. He is the truly great king who makes it the chief business of his life to govern his subjects with equity.”
- “An emperor ought to stand midway between gentleness and severity.”
- “In the region of Hindustan, this scrap of bread [i.e., the Mughal Empire] is a generous gift from Their Majesties, Timur and Akbar.”
- “Take heart, my friends! There is a God! There is a God!”
- “Wherefore should I not offer my congratulations? But the very fact of them being Sayyids, those fountains of felicity, demands heartly exertions in support of Islam and their ancestor Muhammad the Lord of Apostles. Let two Kaftans of honor for the two brothers be issued from my wardrobe and let them be sent with two swords, jewel-hilted and provided with pearl mounted belts, let Jamdat-ul-Mulk write much praise and congratulations when sending these presents.”
- “No age is wanting in able men; it is the duty of wise masters to find them out, win them over, and get work done by means of them, without listening to the calumnies of selfish men against them.”
via Wikiquote · CC BY-SA
Key facts
- Royalty.predecessor
- Shah Jahan
- Royalty.regnal name
- Abu al-Muzaffar Muhi al-Din Muhammad Bahadur Alamgir Aurangzeb Badshah al-Ghazi ()
- Royalty.coronation2
- Shah Jahan
- Royalty.name
- Alamgir I عالمگیر
- Royalty.title
- Shahenshah-e-Sultanat Al-Hindiyyah(Emperor of the Sultanate of India)
- Royalty.image
- Aurangzeb-portrait.jpg
- Royalty.caption
- Darbar of Aurangzeb by Bichitr,
- Royalty.succession
- Mughal Emperor
- Royalty.coronation
- 31 July 1658Sheesh Mahal
- Royalty.successor
- Azam Shah
- Royalty.reg type
- Grand Viziers
- Royalty.birth_name
- Muhi al-Din Muhammad
- Royalty.birth_place
- Dahod, Gujarat Subah, Mughal Empire
- Royalty.death_place
- Bhingar, Aurangabad Subah, Mughal Empire
- Royalty.issue link
- Family
- Royalty.issue pipe
- Detail
- Royalty.full name
- Muhi al-Din Muhammad ()
- Royalty.posthumous name
- Khuld-Makani ()
via Wikipedia infobox
Wikidata facts
- Instance of
- human
- Given name
- Muhammad
- Gender
- male
- Place of birth
- Dahod
- Place of death
- Ahilyanagar
- Spouse
- Nawab Bai
- Child
- Badr-un-Nissa Begum
- Father
- Shah Jahan
- Mother
- Mumtaz Mahal
- Sibling
- Murad Bakhsh
- Occupation
- monarch
- Languages spoken
- Hindustani
- Native language
- Persian
- Religion
- Islam
- Family
- Mughal dynasty
- Image
- Aurangzeb (r. 1658-1707).jpg (Cropped).jpg
- Work location
- Mughal Empire
Show 11 more facts
- Commons category
- Aurangzeb
- date of birth
- 1618-11-03
- date of death
- 1707-03-03
- Commons gallery
- Alamgir I
- place of burial
- Tomb of Aurangzeb
- on focus list of Wikimedia project
- Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
- name in native language
- اورنگزیب عالمگیر
- nickname
- اورنگزیب
- P13311
- Christopher Hitchens
- P8168
- most livable cities
- unmarried partner
- Udaipuri Mahal
via Wikidata · CC0
~75 min read
Encyclopedic overview
53 sectionsContents
- Early life
- Ancestry
- Career as prince
- First Deccan governorate (1636–1644)
- Governor of Gujarat (1645–1647)
- Governor of Balkh (1647–1648)
- Governor of Multan and Sindh (1648–1652)
- Second Deccan governorate (1653–1658)
- War of succession
- Reign
- Full title
- Bureaucracy
- Economy
- Religious policy
- Taxation policy
- Administrative reforms
- Revenue
- Coins
- Law
- Military
- Art and culture
- Calligraphy
- Architecture
- Textiles
- Foreign relations
- Relations with Aceh
- Relations with the Uzbek
- Relations with the Safavid dynasty
- Relations with the French
- Relations with the Sultanate of Maldives
- Relations with the Ottoman Empire
- Relations with the English and the Anglo-Mughal War
- Relations with the Ethiopian Empire
- Relations with the Tibetans, Uyghurs, and Dzungars
- Relations with the Czardom of Russia
- Rebellions
- Jat rebellion
- Mughal–Maratha Wars
- Ahom campaign
- Satnami opposition
- Sikh opposition
- Pashtun opposition
- Rathore rebellion
- Death
- Assessments and legacy
- Literatures
- Issue
- See also
- Notes
- Citations
- Bibliography
- Further reading
- External links
Alamgir I (Muhi al-Din Muhammad; 3 November 1618 – 3 March 1707), commonly known by the title Aurangzeb, was the sixth Mughal emperor, reigning from 1658 until his death in 1707. Under his reign, the Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent, with territory spanning nearly the entirety of the Indian subcontinent.
Aurangzeb and the Mughals belonged to a branch of the Timurid dynasty. He held administrative and military posts under his father Shah Jahan () and gained recognition as an accomplished military commander. Aurangzeb served as the viceroy of the Deccan in 1636–1637 and the governor of Gujarat in 1645–1647. He jointly administered the provinces of Multan and Sindh in 1648–1652 and continued expeditions into the neighbouring Safavid territories. In September 1657, Shah Jahan nominated his eldest and liberalist son Dara Shikoh as his successor, a move repudiated by Aurangzeb, who proclaimed himself emperor in February 1658. In April 1658, Aurangzeb defeated the allied army of Shikoh and the Kingdom of Marwar at the Battle of Dharmat. Aurangzeb's decisive victory at the Battle of Samugarh in May 1658 cemented his sovereignty and his suzerainty was acknowledged throughout the Empire. After Shah Jahan recovered from illness in July 1658, Aurangzeb declared him incompetent to rule and imprisoned his father in the Agra Fort. Following this, Aurangzeb had Dara Shikoh executed by beheading and his head was placed in a box and presented to their imprisoned father.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Aurangzeb” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.
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