Bacillus thuringiensis

species of bacterium

Species

SPECIES

KingdomBacteria
PhylumFirmicutes
ClassBacilli
OrderBacillales
FamilyBacillaceae

Observations recorded6,043

苏云金芽孢杆菌（學名：Bacillus thuringiensis，专著中简称为Bt），又稱苏力菌，是革兰氏阳性的，芽孢杆菌属陆生习性的细菌。另外, 苏云金芽孢杆菌可寄生在一些蛾类和蝶类的幼虫上,甚至是植物表面。苏云金芽孢杆菌由日本细菌学家石渡繁胤和德国科学家恩斯特·贝尔林纳（Ernst Berliner）分别在1901年和1911年独立发现。贝尔林纳是从患有叫做Schlaffsucht的疾病的地中海粉蛾幼虫中发现该菌，并用发现地德国圖林根（拉丁語Thuringia）命名。苏云金芽孢杆菌与蜡样芽孢杆菌和炭疽杆菌同属芽孢杆菌属，三种微生物的区别在于质粒的不同。与同属的其他成员一样，这三种杆菌需氧且可产生内孢子。苏云金芽孢杆菌分泌出的由cry基因编码的，有杀虫活性的δ-毒素（或被称为杀虫晶体蛋白[ICP]）的蛋白结晶构成了内孢子。Cry蛋白对鳞翅目（如蛾与蝶）、双翅目（如苍蝇、蚊子）和鞘翅目（甲虫）有很大杀伤力。因此，可将苏云金芽孢杆菌发酵生产制成高效生物杀虫剂，或用cry基因制成防虫害的转基因产品。

via GBIF

Research

11,066 papers

Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins: Functional Characterization and Mechanism of Action.Toxins · 2020
Expression of cry genes in Bacillus thuringiensis biotechnology.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2019
Bacillus thuringiensis membrane-damaging toxins acting on mammalian cells.FEMS microbiology letters · 2014
Bacillus thuringiensis and related insect pathogens.Microbiological reviews · 1986
Bacillus thuringiensis and insects: a century of intimate history.Journal of bacteriology · 2026

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Image: Bt-toxin-crystals.jpg

Show 5 more facts

taxon name: Bacillus thuringiensis
Commons category: Bacillus thuringiensis
taxon common name: 蘇力菌
LPSN URL: lpsn.dsmz.de/species/bacillus-thuringiensis
short name: B. thuringiensis

Sources (4)

via Wikidata · CC0

~27 min read

Article

Gram stain of Bacillus thuringiensis under 1000 × magnification

Bacillus thuringiensis (or Bt) is a gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, and is the most commonly used biological pesticide worldwide. B. thuringiensis also occurs naturally in the gut of caterpillars of various types of moths and butterflies, as well as on leaf surfaces, aquatic environments, animal feces, insect-rich environments, flour mills and grain-storage facilities. It has also been observed to parasitize moths such as Cadra calidella—in laboratory experiments working with C. calidella, many of the moths were diseased due to this parasite.