Cannabis

Cannabis () is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae that is widely accepted as being indigenous to and originating from the continent of Asia. However, the number of species is disputed, with as many as three species being recognized: Cannabis sativa, C. indica, and C. ruderalis. Alternatively, C. ruderalis may be included within C. sativa, or all three may be treated as subspecies of C. sativa, or C. sativa may be accepted as a single undivided species.

OverviewAI-generated

Cannabis is a genus of plants in the family Cannabaceae. It is classified within the kingdom Plantae, phylum Tracheophyta, class Magnoliopsida, and order Rosales. The taxonomic type includes Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. Common names for the group include hemp, Italian hemp, конопля, 大麻属, and Hanf.

The genus is native to Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Pakistan, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang. It has been introduced to regions including Alabama, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Andaman Is., Angola, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, the Baltic States, and Bangladesh. Cannabis produces achene fruits and is a source of hemp oil and kief. Specimens are recorded in institutions such as MEL, IND, US, RSA, and MADUG-UG across countries like China, the United States, Mexico, Madagascar, and Brasil.

Synthesized by Vinony from 47 facts across 8 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, iNaturalist, PubMed, Gbif Occ, Plants of the World, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Species

Cannabis

GENUS

KingdomPlantae
PhylumTracheophyta
ClassMagnoliopsida
OrderRosales
FamilyCannabaceae

Native toAfghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Pakistan, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Xinjiang

Observations16,662

Observations recorded33,028

Chanvre Cannabis (les cannabis) est un genre botanique qui rassemble des plantes annuelles de la famille des Cannabaceae. Ce sont toutes des plantes originaires d'Asie centrale ou d'Asie du Sud. La classification dans ce genre est encore discutée. Selon la majorité des auteurs il contiendrait une seule espèce, le Chanvre cultivé (Cannabis sativa L.), parfois subdivisée en plusieurs sous-espèces[1], généralement sativa, indica et ruderalis (syn. spontanea), tandis que d'autres considèrent que ce sont de simples variétés. Le cannabis est exploité de manière industrielle pour la qualité de ses fibres sous forme de « chanvre agricole » souvent pauvre en principe psychotrope (THC), tandis que le cannabis à destination d’usages récréatifs ou médicinal est riche en psychotropes (THC). De nombreuses lignées de cannabis ont été créées par l’être humain par hybridation entre sous-espèces ou variétés du genre, par sélection des plantes ou encore par le bouturage qui permet de les cloner à l'identique. Ainsi les plants sont triés en fonction de l'usage que l'on souhaite en faire : qualité de leurs fibres, richesse en huile de leurs graines (chènevis), leur faible taux de THC ou, au contraire,

via GBIF · Kew POWO

Museum specimens

Specimen records: 85
With media: 58
Family: Cannabaceae
Collections: MEL, IND, US, RSA, MADUG-UG, OSW
Recorded in: China, United States, Mexico, Madagascar, Brasil, Belize

iDigBio →

Research

42,104 papers

Phytochemistry of Cannabis sativa L.ReviewProgress in the chemistry of organic natural products · 2017ElSohly MA, Radwan MM, Gul W et al.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45541-9_1
Cannabis and Pregnancy.ReviewCurrent psychiatry reports · 2024Bespalova N, Bunt G, Hill KPDOI: 10.1007/s11920-024-01536-x
Cannabis sativa.Current biology : CB · 2020Schilling S, Melzer R, McCabe PFDOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.10.039
Cannabis Use Disorder in Adolescents.ReviewThe Psychiatric clinics of North America · 2023Hashemi D, Gray KDOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.03.013
Acute Cannabis Toxicity.ReviewPediatric emergency care · 2019Wong KU, Baum CRDOI: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000001970
The implementation and public health impacts of cannabis legalization in Canada: a systematic review.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Hall W, Stjepanović D, Dawson D et al.DOI: 10.1111/add.16274
Cannabis-Impaired driving: ethical considerations for the primary care practitioner.ReviewAnnals of medicine · 2023Huerne K, Ells C, Grad R et al.DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2151716
Cannabis vaporisation: Understanding products, devices and risks.ReviewDrug and alcohol review · 2024MacCallum CA, Lo LA, Pistawka CA et al.DOI: 10.1111/dar.13800

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Instance of: taxon
Parent taxon: Cannabaceae
Image: Marijuana.jpg

Show 12 more facts

taxon rank: genus
taxon name: Cannabis
Commons category: Cannabis
GRIN URL: npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=2034
taxon common name: konoplja
hashtag: Cannabis
has fruit type: achene
taxonomic type: Cannabis ruderalis
legal status (medicine): legality of cannabis
history of topic: history of cannabis
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
topic has template: Template:Cannabis

Sources (5)

via Wikidata · CC0

~40 min read

Encyclopedic overview

28 sections

Contents

Etymology
Description
Reproduction
Sex determination
Genetic sex determinitaion
Environmental sex determination
Chemistry
Genetics
Taxonomy
Early classifications
20th century
The Small scheme
The Schultes scheme
Popular usage
Continuing research
Translating between schemes
Phylogeny
Uses
History
Recreational use
Medical use
Industrial use (hemp)
Ancient and religious uses
See also
Notes
References
Further reading
External links

The plant is also known as hemp, although this term is usually used to refer only to varieties cultivated for non-drug use. Hemp has long been used for fibre, seeds and their oils, leaves for use as vegetables, and juice. Industrial hemp textile products are made from cannabis plants selected to produce an abundance of fibre.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Cannabis” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.