citizenship
Sign in to saveCitizenship is a membership and allegiance to a sovereign state. Though citizenship is often conflated with nationality in today's English-speaking world, international law does not usually use the term citizenship to refer to nationality; these two notions are conceptually different dimensions of collective membership.
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Citizenship is a formal membership in a country that involves both legal rights and duties, as well as allegiance to that nation's government. It matters because it determines what protections and responsibilities you have within a political system, though it's worth noting that citizenship and nationality, while related, are technically distinct concepts under international law.
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Article
29 sectionsContents
- Definition
- Theories
- Rights of a citizen
- Responsibilities of a citizen
- History
- ''Polis''
- Roman ideas
- Middle Ages
- Renaissance
- Modern times
- United States
- Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics
- Nazi Germany
- Israel
- India
- Supranational
- European Union
- Mercosur
- Commonwealth
- Subnational
- Education
- Republic of Ireland
- United Kingdom
- Criticism
- See also
- Notes
- References
- Further reading
- External links
Citizenship is a membership and allegiance to a sovereign state. Though citizenship is often conflated with nationality in today's English-speaking world, international law does not usually use the term citizenship to refer to nationality; these two notions are conceptually different dimensions of collective membership.
Generally, citizenships have no expiration and allow persons to work, reside and vote in the polity, as well as identify with the polity, possibly acquiring a passport. Though, through discriminatory laws, like disfranchisement and outright apartheid, citizens have been made second-class citizens. Historically, populations of states were mostly subjects, while citizenship was a particular status which originated in the rights of urban populations, like the rights of the male public of cities and republics, particularly ancient city-states, giving rise to a civitas and the social class of the burgher or bourgeoisie. Since then states have expanded the status of citizenship to most of their national people, with the extent of citizen rights differing between states.