colonization
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AI overview
Colonization is the process by which one country takes control of and settles in territory occupied by other peoples, establishing political and economic dominance over that region. It matters because the colonial period shaped the modern world—determining current national borders, political systems, and economic relationships—as shown by how many countries only achieved independence in recent centuries.
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Article
21 sectionsContents
- Etymology
- Pre-modern colonizations
- Classical period
- Middle Ages
- Colonial Era
- 20th–21st century on Earth
- Soviet Union
- Baltic states
- Jewish oblast
- Israel
- Indonesia
- Papua New Guinea
- Philippines
- Myanmar
- Subject peoples
- Endo-colonization
- Space colonization
- By target
- See also
- Notes and references
- Bibliography
thumb|right|475px|Map of the year each country or territory achieved List of sovereign states by date of formation|independence.
Colonization (British English: colonisation) is a process of establishing control over areas or peoples for foreign people to advance their trade, cultivation, exploitation and possibly settlement. Colonization functions through establishing a differentiation between the area and people of the colonized and colonizers, establishing metropoles, coloniality and possibly outright colonies. Colonization is commonly pursued and maintained by imperialism, mercantilism, or colonialism. Conquest can take place without colonization, but a conquering process may often result in or from migration and colonizing. The term "colonization" is sometimes used synonymously with the word "settling", as with colonization in biology.