decolonization
Sign in to saveDecolonization is the ending of colonialism, the latter being the process whereby imperial nations establish and dominate foreign territories, often overseas. The meanings and applications of the term are disputed. Some scholars of decolonization focus especially on independence movements in the colonies and the collapse of global colonial empires.
AI overview
Decolonization refers to the process of ending colonialism, in which powerful nations had controlled and ruled over foreign territories, often far from home. It matters because it involved major independence movements and the breakdown of the large colonial empires that had dominated much of the world, though scholars continue to debate exactly what the term means and how it should be applied.
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Article
43 sectionsContents
- Scope
- By area
- American Revolution
- Haitian Revolution
- Spanish America
- Portuguese America
- British Empire
- Violence, civil warfare, and partition
- French Empire
- After 1918
- United States
- Japan
- After 1945
- Planning for decolonization
- U.S. and Philippines
- Portugal
- Belgium
- Netherlands
- United Nations trust territories
- The emergence of the Third World (1945–present)
- Decolonization of Africa
- Decolonization in the Americas after 1945
- Decolonization of Asia
- Decolonization in Europe
- Decolonization of Oceania
- Aspects
- State-building
- Nation-building
- Language policy
- Cinematography
- Repatriation
- Economic development
- Effects on the colonizers
- Assassinated anti-colonialist leaders
- Current colonies
- United Nations NSGS list
- Effects of decolonization
- Criticism
- See also
- Notes
- References
- Further reading
- External links
Decolonization is the ending of colonialism, the latter being the process whereby imperial nations establish and dominate foreign territories, often overseas. The meanings and applications of the term are disputed. Some scholars of decolonization focus especially on independence movements in the colonies and the collapse of global colonial empires.
As a movement to establish independence for colonized territories from their respective metropoles, decolonization began in 1775 with the American Revolution in North America against the British Empire. The Napoleonic Wars in the 19th century saw the French colonial empire, the Spanish Empire, and Portugal face decolonization with the Haitian Revolution, the Spanish American wars of independence, and the independence of Brazil from Portugal. A major wave of decolonization occurred in the aftermath of the First World War, including in the United States and the Empire of Japan. Another wave of decolonization occurred after the Second World War, and many countries gained their independence in the following years. The last wave of decolonization occurred after the Cold War with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the independence of Palau, and the handovers of Hong Kong and Macau. Seventeen territories remain under the United Nations classification of non-self-governing territories. ==Scope== According to David Strang, decolonization is achieved through the attainment of sovereign statehood with de jure recognition by the international community or through full incorporation into an existing sovereign state.