Cossacks
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Cossacks are a historically distinct group of people from Eastern Europe and Russia, particularly known for their traditional military and frontier communities. They remain culturally significant today, as evidenced by their continued presence in parades and family communities across Russia and among diaspora populations.
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66 sectionsContents
- Etymology
- History
- Early history
- Later history
- Ukrainian Cossacks
- Zaporozhian Cossacks
- Emergence
- Relations with surrounding states
- Conflict with Poland
- Under Russian rule
- Cossack Hetmanate
- Formation of the Cossack class in the Hetmanate
- Relations with neighbours
- Suppression of Cossack autonomy in the Russian Empire
- Black Sea, Azov and Danubian Sich Cossacks
- Russian Cossacks
- Don Cossacks
- Kuban Cossacks
- Terek Cossacks
- Yaik Cossacks
- Razin and Pugachev Rebellions
- Razin's Rebellion
- Pugachev's Rebellion
- In the Russian Empire
- Cossacks between 1900 and 1917
- Cossacks after the Russian Revolution
- February Revolution, 1917
- In Greater Russia
- In Ukraine
- Bolshevik uprising and Civil War, 1917–1922
- Cossack autonomies in Don, Kuban and North Caucasus
- Ukrainian State
- Cossacks in the Soviet Union, 1922–1945
- Anticommunist Cossacks in exile and World War II, 1920–1945
- Russian Cossack emigration
- Ukrainian Hetman movement
- Modern times
- Culture and organization
- Groupings
- Settlements
- Family life
- Popular image
- Music
- Ranks
- Uniforms
- Modern-day Cossack identity
- Organizations
- Americas
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Belarus
- Russia
- Registered Cossacks of the Russian Federation
- All-Russian Cossack Society
- Ukraine
- Notable people
- Noble families
- Zaporozhian Cossacks
- Other groups
- Flags and emblems
- Propaganda and stereotypes
- See also
- Footnotes
- References
- Further reading
- External links
thumb|An American Cossack family in the 1950s thumb|A Siberian Cossack [[family in Novosibirsk, after 2000]] thumb|Cossacks marching in Red Square at the 2015 Victory Day Parade
The Cossacks are a predominantly East Slavic, Eastern Orthodox Christian people, originating from the Pontic–Caspian steppe of eastern Ukraine and southern Russia. Cossacks played an important role in defending the southern borders of Ukraine and Russia, countering the Crimean–Nogai raids, alongside economically developing steppe regions north of the Black Sea and around the Azov Sea. Historically, they were a semi-nomadic and semi-militarized people, who were allowed a great degree of self-governance in exchange for military service under the nominal suzerainty of various Eastern European states. Although numerous ethnic, linguistic and religious groups came together to form the Cossacks, the East Slavs predominated, with other groups gradually coalesced and Slavicized, thereby adopting East Slavic culture, East Slavic languages and Eastern Orthodox Christianity.