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裂化反应
Also known as chemical cracking, hydrocarbon cracking, cracking of chemicals, cracking of hydrocarbons
thermal or catalytic decomposition of a compound such as a hydrocarbon into chemical species of smaller molecular weight
AI overview
Cracking is a chemical process that breaks down large hydrocarbon molecules (like those in crude oil) into smaller, more useful molecules by applying heat or using catalysts. It matters because it's a key step in refining petroleum to produce fuels like gasoline and other valuable chemicals.
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Article · 中文
在石油化學、石油地質學及有機化學中，裂解是將複雜的乾酪根及長鏈重質烃的碳-碳鍵分裂成更單純的分子，裂解反應速率及最終產品與溫度及催化劑的有無有極大的相關。裂解是一種將長鏈烃類轉換成短鏈烃類的過程，這個過程可能需要高溫高壓。簡單來說裂解是將分子在高溫、催化劑及溶劑環境中分離，例如破壞蒸餾或熱裂解。液態觸媒裂解會產出大量的液化石油氣及汽油，而加氢裂解則是航空燃料、柴油及石油腦的主要生產方式，並會產出液化石油氣。
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