thumb|right|Dyes made at De Kat, ZaandamA dye is a colored substance that is soluble in some solvent; by contrast pigments are insoluble or nearly so in all solvents. Because of their solubility, dyes can chemically bind to the material they color. Dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution and may require a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber.
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A dye is a colored substance that dissolves in liquid (usually water) and can chemically bind to materials like fabric, making them colored. Unlike pigments, which don't dissolve in solvents, dyes are valued because their solubility allows them to permanently attach to fibers, though sometimes a chemical helper called a mordant is needed to make the color last longer.
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40 sectionsContents
- History
- Classification of dyes
- Classification according to chemical structure
- Anthraquinone dyes
- Azo dyes
- Dioxazine dyes
- Indigoid dyes
- Metal complex dyes
- Formazan dyes
- Phthalocyanine dyes
- Methine dyes
- Nitro and nitroso dyes
- Sulfur dyes
- Classification according to application technology
- Mordant dyes
- Direct dyes
- Disperse dyes
- Development or coupling dyes
- Cationic dyes
- Vat dyes
- Food colorants / food dyes
- Solvent dyes
- Reactive dyes
- Acid dyes
- Functional dyes
- Vital dyes
- Other important dyes
- Pollution
- Dye degradation and treatment
- Adsorption
- Membrane filtration
- Coagulation and flocculation
- Biological treatment
- Chemical oxidation
- Photocatalytic degradation
- Ion exchange
- Electrochemical treatment
- See also
- References
- Further reading
thumb|right|Dyes made at De Kat, ZaandamA dye is a colored substance that is soluble in some solvent; by contrast pigments are insoluble or nearly so in all solvents. Because of their solubility, dyes can chemically bind to the material they color. Dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution and may require a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber.
The majority of natural dyes are derived from non-animal sources such as roots, berries, bark, leaves, wood, fungi and lichens. However, due to large-scale demand and technological improvements, most dyes used in the modern world are synthetically produced from substances such as petrochemicals. Some are extracted from insects and/or minerals.