dyslexia
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Key facts
- Medical condition (new).name
- Dyslexia
- Medical condition (new).synonyms
- Reading disorder
- Medical condition (new).image
- File:Dislexia nens.jpg
- Medical condition (new).caption
- Dyslexia involves difficulties in processing letters and words.
- Medical condition (new).types
- Surface dyslexia
- Medical condition (new).field
- Neurology, pediatrics
- Medical condition (new).symptoms
- Trouble reading
- Medical condition (new).onset
- School age
- Medical condition (new).causes
- Genetic and environmental factors
- Medical condition (new).risks
- Family history, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Medical condition (new).diagnosis
- Series memory, spelling, vision, and reading test
- Medical condition (new).differential
Article
25 sectionsContents
- Classification
- Signs and symptoms
- Associated conditions
- Causes
- Neuroanatomy
- Genetics
- Gene–environment interaction
- Language
- Pathophysiology
- Dual route theory
- Diagnosis
- Assessment
- Assessment tests
- Screening
- Management
- Prognosis
- Epidemiology
- History
- Society and culture
- Stigma and success
- Research
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
Dyslexia, also known as "word blindness", is a learning disability that affects either reading or writing. Different people are affected to different degrees. Problems may include difficulties in spelling words, reading quickly, writing words, "sounding out" words in the head, pronouncing words when reading aloud and understanding what one reads. Often these difficulties are first noticed at school. The difficulties are involuntary, and people with this disorder have a normal desire to learn. People with dyslexia have higher rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), developmental language disorders, and difficulties with numbers.
Dyslexia is believed to be caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Some cases run in families. Dyslexia that develops due to a traumatic brain injury, stroke, or dementia is sometimes called "acquired dyslexia" or alexia. The underlying mechanisms of dyslexia result from differences within the brain's language processing. Dyslexia is diagnosed through a series of tests of memory, vision, spelling, and reading skills. Dyslexia is separate from reading difficulties caused by hearing or vision problems or by insufficient teaching or opportunity to learn.