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Engraulidae
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Anchovies are small, common forage fish of the family Engraulidae. Most species are found in marine waters, but several will enter brackish water, and some in South America are restricted to fresh water.
Engraulidae is the scientific family name for anchovies, which are small fish commonly found in ocean waters around the world, though some species also live in brackish or freshwater environments. These fish are important as forage fish, meaning they serve as a key food source for larger marine animals.
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Species
anchovies
Engraulidae
FAMILY
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumChordata
- ClassTeleostei
- OrderClupeiformes
- FamilyEngraulidae
鳀科為輻鰭魚綱鯡形目的其中一科,通称鳀鱼、江鱼仔、小公鱼,是海水魚、餌料魚。這一科共17屬146種[1],分成2个亚科,分佈于大西洋、印度洋和太平洋。通常也被作為供油類魚。[2] 目录 1 分布 2 深度 3 特徵 4 分類 4.1 鳀亚科 Engraulinae 4.1.1 亞馬遜鯷屬(Amazonsprattus) 4.1.2 小鯷屬(Anchoa) 4.1.3 多耙鯷屬(Anchovia) 4.1.4 小公魚屬(Anchoviella) 4.1.5 鯨鯷屬(Cetengraulis) 4.1.6 半棱鯷屬(Encrasicholina) 4.1.7 鯷屬(Engraulis) 4.1.8 裘羅鯷屬(Jurengraulis) 4.1.9 狼鯷屬(Lycengraulis) 4.1.10 翼鯷屬(Pterengraulis) 4.1.11 側帶小公魚屬(Stolephorus) 4.2 鲚亚科(Coiliinae) 4.2.1 鱭屬(Coilia) 4.2.2 粗齒鯷屬(Lycothrissa) 4.2.3 小鰭鯷屬(Papuengraulis) 4.2.4 擬黃鯽屬(Pseudosetipinna) 4.2.5 黃鯽屬(Setipinna) 4.2.6 棱鯷屬(Thryssa) 5 生態 6 經濟利用 7 参考资料 8 外部链接 分布 本科魚種廣泛分布於全球各海域,但主要集中在溫暖水域,在極冷和更熱的水域中鮮少出現。但是它們通常可以接受很大幅度的水溫和含鹽量。大型的鳀魚常見於泥底的淺海、河口以及港灣。黑海和地中海,特別是在阿爾沃蘭海有大量的鳀魚[3]。克里特、希臘、西西里、意大利、法國、土耳其和西班牙沿海經常性捕捉鳀魚。在北非海岸和歐洲沿岸的大西洋海域也有分佈。10月到來年3月是繁殖季節,但是如果水溫低於12°C (54°F)繁殖就會停止。鳀魚常分佈在海岸100公里(62英里)以內的表層水域。 深度 水深0至200公尺。 特徵 本科魚從小型到中型魚。體延長而側扁,有些種類側扁如刀。鱗大,或普通,薄而易落。無側線,腹緣銳利或鈍圓,稜鱗多少不等。吻突出,通常超越口裂。口裂大,下位。上頜向後伸,有時超過胸鰭基底。臀鰭特長,有時與分叉之尾鰭下葉相連。背鰭短,在臀鰭上方或前方。一般體長不超過15公分。僅有一些種類超過50公分。 分類 鳀科下分2亚科17屬146种,如下: 鳀亚科 Engraulinae 亞馬遜鯷屬(Amazonsprattus) 亞馬遜鯷(Amazonsprattus scintilla) 小鯷屬(Anchoa) 類小鯷(Anchoa analis):又稱長鰭小鯷。 黎氏小鯷(Anchoa argentivittata):又稱銀帶小鯷。 貝利塞小鯷(Anchoa belizensis) 加勒比小鯷(Anchoa cayorum):又稱大頭小鯷。
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Article
15 sectionsContents
- Taxonomy
- Evolution
- Characteristics
- Distribution
- Ecology
- Feeding behavior
- Commercial species
- Fisheries
- Black Sea
- Peru
- As food
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
Anchovies are small, common forage fish of the family Engraulidae. Most species are found in marine waters, but several will enter brackish water, and some in South America are restricted to fresh water.
More than 140 species are placed in 16 genera; they are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, and in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Anchovies are usually classified as oily fish.
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