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Franz Ernst Neumann
Sign in to saveGerman physicist and mineralogist (1798-1895)
OverviewAI-generated
Franz Ernst Neumann was a physicist, mathematician, university teacher, and crystallographer born in Joachimsthal in 1798. A citizen of the Kingdom of Prussia, he was educated at Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Friedrichswerder Gymnasium. He participated in the Napoleonic Wars and studied under doctoral advisor Christian Samuel Weiss. Neumann spoke and wrote in German.
He authored works including *Vorlesungen über elektrische Ströme*, *Theorie der doppelten Strahlenbrechungen der Mechanik*, *Vorlesungen über die Theorie der Elasticität der festen Körper und des Lichtäthers*, *Vorlesungen über theoretische Optik*, and *Beitrege zur Krystallonomie*. His doctoral students included Gustav Kirchhoff, Georg Hermann Quincke, Alfred Clebsch, and Oscar Emil Meyer. He was recognized in the Royal Society collection and the Copley Medal collection.
Neumann died in Königsberg on May 23, 1895. He was the father of Carl Neumann, Franz Ernst Christian Neumann, and Friedrich Julius Neumann, and was related to Karl Gottfried Hagen. His life and work are described in sources such as the *Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie*, *Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary*, and the *Encyclopædia Britannica* 11th edition.
Synthesized by Vinony from 33 facts across 6 sources: Wikidata, Open Library, Crossref, MusicBrainz, Vinony collections, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Key facts
- Born
- ( 1798-09-11 ) 11 September 1798, Joachimsthal , Margraviate of Brandenburg , Kingdom of Prussia , Holy Roman Empire
- Died
- 23 May 1895 (1895-05-23) (aged 96), Königsberg , Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire
- Alma mater
- University of Berlin
- Known for
- Neumann formula , Neumann's law , Neumann–Minnigerode-Curie principle , Kopp–Neumann law , Magnetic vector potential , Faraday law of induction
- Children
- Carl Ernst Christian
- Awards
- Copley Medal (1886) , ForMemRS (1862) , Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts (1860)
- Fields
- Physics , Mineralogy
- Institutions
- Königsberg University
- Doctoral advisor
- Christian Samuel Weiss
- Doctoral students
- Woldemar Voigt , Alfred Clebsch , Gustav Robert Kirchhoff , Friedrich Heinrich Albert Wangerin
via Wikipedia infobox
Wikidata facts
- Instance of
- human
- Given name
- Ernst
- Family name
- Neumann
- Gender
- male
- Citizenship
- Kingdom of Prussia
- Place of birth
- Joachimsthal
- Place of death
- Königsberg
- Occupation
- military volunteer
- Employer
- University of Königsberg
- Languages spoken
- German
- Notable work
- Kopp's law
- Academic degree
- Doctor of Philosophy
- Doctoral advisor
- Christian Samuel Weiss
- Student of
- Christian Samuel Weiss
- Doctoral student
- Albert Wangerin
- Field of work
- theoretical physics
- Conflict
- Napoleonic Wars
- Military branch
- Prussian Army
- Image
- Neumann, Franz Ernst – Vorlesungen über theoretische Optik, 1885 – BEIC IE4649730 Neumann Franz.jpg
- Significant event
- wounded in action
Show 12 more facts
- date of birth
- 1798-09-11
- date of death
- 1895-05-23
- Commons category
- Franz Ernst Neumann
- Commons gallery
- Franz Ernst Neumann
- name in native language
- Franz Ernst Neumann
- writing language
- German
- assessment
- habilitation
- archives at
- Göttingen State and University Library
- member of
- Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei
- student
- Leonhard Sohncke
- maintained by WikiProject
- WikiProject Mathematics
- P8168
- Astrup
via Wikidata · CC0
~7 min read
Encyclopedic overview
Franz Ernst Neumann (11 September 1798 – 23 May 1895) was a German mineralogist and physicist. He devised the first formulas to calculate inductance. He also formulated Neumann's law for molecular heat. In electromagnetism, he is credited for introducing the magnetic vector potential. In A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism of 1873, James Clerk Maxwell attributes the mathematical formulation of Faraday's law of induction to Neumann.
Biography
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Franz Ernst Neumann” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.