File:Hybridogenesis_in_water_frogs_gametes.svg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
Also known as genetic science
生物学中研究遗传和变异(即研究亲子间性状异同)的学科
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity—how traits pass from parents to offspring—and it matters because heredity is essential to how organisms evolve over time. Scientists like Gregor Mendel discovered that organisms inherit traits through discrete units of inheritance, revealing patterns in how characteristics are handed down through generations.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Research
5,645,871 papers- Understanding quantitative genetics in the systems biology era.ReviewInternational journal of biological sciences · 2009Zhu M, Yu M, Zhao SDOI: 10.7150/ijbs.5.161
- Mouse Genetic Reference Populations: Cellular Platforms for Integrative Systems Genetics.ReviewTrends in genetics : TIG · 2021Swanzey E, O'Connor C, Reinholdt LGDOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.09.007
- Systems genetics, bioinformatics and eQTL mapping.ReviewGenetica · 2010Li H, Deng HDOI: 10.1007/s10709-010-9480-x
- Systems Genetics for Evolutionary Studies.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2019Prins P, Smant G, Arends D et al.DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9074-0_21
- Public attitudes and beliefs about genetics.ReviewAnnual review of genomics and human genetics · 2010Condit CMDOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-082509-141740
- From molecular genetics to diagnosis and gene therapy.ReviewAdvances in veterinary medicine · 1997Hauge JGDOI: 10.1016/s0065-3519(97)80003-1
- Cell genetic engineering – transmission genetics of plants.ReviewTSitologiia i genetika · 2017Kuchuk N
- Pathology and molecular genetics of meningioma: recent advances.ReviewNeurologia medico-chirurgica · 2015Shibuya MDOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2014-0233
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Wikidata facts
- Instance of
- academic discipline
- Subclass of
- biology
- Part of
- biology
- Founded by
- Carl Correns
- Image
- Gene.png
- Said to be same as
- introduction to genetics
Show 13 more facts
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- Genetics
- practiced by
- geneticist
- is the study of
- genome
- different from
- genology
- inception
- 1900-00-00
- Stack Exchange tag
- biology.stackexchange.com/tags/genetics
- on focus list of Wikimedia project
- Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
- social media followers
- 87661
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- history of genetics
Sources (6)
via Wikidata · CC0
Article · 中文
遗传学是研究生物体的遗传和变异的科学,是生物学的一个重要分支。史前时期,人们就已经利用生物体的遗传特性通过选择育种来提高谷物和牲畜的产量。而现代遗传学,其目的是寻求了解遗传的整个过程的机制,则是开始于19世纪中期孟德尔的研究工作。虽然孟德尔并不知道遗传的物理基础,但他观察到了生物体的遗传特性,某些遗传单位遵守简单的统计学规律,这些遗传单位现在被称为基因。 基因位于DNA上,而DNA是由四类不同的核苷酸组成的链状分子,DNA上的核苷酸序列就是生物体的遗传信息。天然DNA以双链形式存在,两条链上的核苷酸互补,而每一条链都能够作为模板来合成新的互补链。这就是生成可以被遗传的基因的复制方式。 基因上的核苷酸序列可以被细胞翻译以合成蛋白质,蛋白质上的氨基酸序列就对应着基因上的核苷酸序列。这种对应性被称为遗传密码。蛋白质的氨基酸序列决定了它如何折叠成为一个三维结构,而蛋白质结构则与它所发挥的功能密不可分。蛋白质执行细胞中几乎所有的生物学进程来维持细胞的生存。DNA上的一个基因的改变可以改变其编码的蛋白质的氨基酸,并可能改变此蛋白质的结构和功能,进而对细胞甚至整个生物体造成巨大的影响。 虽然遗传学在决定生物体外形和行为的过程中扮演着重要的角色,但此过程是遗传学和生物体所经历的环境共同作用的结果。 例如,虽然基因能够在一定程度上决定一个人的体重,人在孩童时期的所经历的营养和健康状况也对他的体重有重大影响。
Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA
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