genome
Sign in to savethumb|An image of the 46 chromosomes making up the diploid genome of a human male (the mitochondrial chromosomes are not shown).
AI overview
A genome is the complete set of genetic instructions, made up of chromosomes, that an organism inherits and uses to build and maintain itself. Understanding genomes matters because it helps us learn how living things work, develop, and inherit traits from their parents.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Article
25 sectionsContents
- Origin of the term
- Definition
- Nuclear genome
- Ploidy
- Sequencing and mapping
- Viral genomes
- Prokaryotic genomes
- Eukaryotic genomes
- DNA sequencing
- Coding sequences
- Noncoding sequences
- Tandem repeats
- Transposable elements
- Retrotransposons
- DNA transposons
- Genome size
- Genome size differences due to transposable elements
- Genomic alterations
- Genome-wide reprogramming
- Genome evolution
- In fiction
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
thumb|An image of the 46 chromosomes making up the diploid genome of a human male (the mitochondrial chromosomes are not shown).
A genome is all the genetic information of an organism or cell. It consists of nucleotide sequences of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The nuclear genome includes protein-coding genes and non-coding genes, other functional regions of the genome such as regulatory sequences (see non-coding DNA), and often a substantial fraction of junk DNA with no evident function. Almost all eukaryotes have mitochondria and a small mitochondrial genome. Algae and plants also contain chloroplasts with a chloroplast genome.