hamadryas baboon

Also known as Papio hamadryas

species of baboon

OverviewAI-generated

The hamadryas baboon, scientifically named *Papio hamadryas*, is a species within the genus *Papio*. It is also referred to by the common names Papión Negro, Papión Sagrado, and Babouin hamadryas. The species has been assessed with a conservation status of Least Concern by the IUCN Red List in 2019.

Records indicate that the longest observed lifespan for this taxon is 37.5 years. The organism is documented in scientific literature, with 944 related entries found in PubMed. Additionally, the species is referenced by 255 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 15 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, IUCN Red List, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Species

Least Concern

Maximum longevity: 37.5 years (captivity) Observations: There are different subspecies of baboons, all with similar life-history parameters and a gradual ageing phenotype. Baboons have been shown both in captivity and in the wild to age about twice as fast as humans (Bronikowski et al. 2002). The IMR was estimated at age 5. One captive chacma baboon has been reported to live 45 years in captivity (Ronald Nowak 1999), but this has not been confirmed. One male hamadryas baboon lived 37.5 years in captivity (Richard Weigl 2005).

via IUCN

Research

944 papers

Osteology of the Hamadryas Baboon (Papio hamadryas).Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Casteleyn C, Wydooghe E, Bakker JDOI: 10.3390/ani13193124
Prolactin Expression in the Baboon (Papio hamadryas) Eye.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Garza-Rodríguez ML, Rodríguez-Sanchez IP, González-Álvarez R et al.DOI: 10.3390/ani12172288
Baboons.Current biology : CB · 2008Barrett L, Henzi SPDOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.02.074
Crossing the Red Sea: phylogeography of the hamadryas baboon, Papio hamadryas hamadryas.Molecular ecology · 2004Winney BJ, Hammond RL, Macasero W et al.DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02288.x
Alzheimer disease-like neuropathologic changes in a geriatric baboon (Papio hamadryas).Journal of veterinary science · 2024Harrison WT, Cline JM, Caudell DL et al.DOI: 10.4142/jvs.24080
Anatomy of the Joints in the Hamadryas Baboon (Papio hamadryas)-Part 1: Thoracic Limb.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Horemans J, Fets A, Donga H et al.DOI: 10.3390/ani15192894
The microbiome of captive hamadryas baboons.Animal microbiome · 2020Li X, Trivedi U, Brejnrod AD et al.DOI: 10.1186/s42523-020-00040-w
Study the Differences between the Parameters of Learning and Exploratory Activities in Adult Male Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and Baboon Hamadryas (Papio hamadryas).Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2022Anikaev AE, Meishvili NV, Chalyan VG et al.DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05397-3

via PubMed

~17 min read

Encyclopedic overview

The hamadryas baboon (Papio hamadryas /ˌhæməˈdraɪ.əs/; Tigrinya: ጋውና, romanized: gawina; Arabic: الرُبَّاح, romanized: Ar Robbaḥ) is a species of baboon within the Old World monkey family. It is the northernmost of all the baboons, being native to the Horn of Africa and the southwestern region of the Arabian Peninsula. These regions provide habitats with the advantage for this species of fewer natural predators than central or southern Africa where other baboons reside. The hamadryas baboon was a sacred animal to the ancient Egyptians and appears in various roles in ancient Egyptian religion, hence its alternative name of 'sacred baboon'.

Description

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “hamadryas baboon” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.