hippocampus
Sign in to saveThe hippocampus (: hippocampi), also hippocampus proper, is a major component of the brain of humans and many other vertebrates. In the human brain the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus, and the subiculum are components of the hippocampal formation located in the limbic system. The hippocampus plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory that enables navigation. In humans and other primates the hippocampus is located in the archicortex, one of the three regions of allocortex, in each hemisphere with direct neural proj
AI overview
The hippocampus is a structure deep in the brain that plays a key role in converting short-term memories into long-term ones and in helping you navigate and remember places. It's found in both hemispheres of the brain as part of the limbic system, and humans share this structure with many other vertebrates.
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Key facts
- Brain.Name
- Hippocampus
- Brain.Latin
- hippocampus
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- Gray739-emphasizing-hippocampus.png
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- Humans have two hippocampi, one in each hemisphere of the brain. They are located in the medial temporal lobe of the brain. In this lateral view of the human brain, the frontal lobe is at the left, the occipital lobe at the right, and the temporal and parietal lobes have largely been removed to reveal one of the hippocampi underneath.
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- 1511 The Limbic Lobe.svg
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- Hippocampus (lowest pink region) as part of the limbic system
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- 180px
- Brain.IsPartOf
- Temporal lobe
via Wikipedia infobox
Article
37 sectionsContents
- Name
- In the limbic system
- Anatomy
- Neuroanatomy
- Circuitry
- Subfields
- Function
- Theories
- Role in memory
- Between systems model
- Role in spatial memory and navigation
- Role in approach-avoidance conflict processing
- Role in social memory
- Role in olfaction
- Physiology
- Hippocampal theta rhythm
- Sharp waves
- Long-term potentiation
- Research
- Clinical significance
- Aging
- Alzheimer's disease
- Stress
- PTSD
- Transient global amnesia
- Epilepsy
- Schizophrenia
- Microcephaly
- Other animals
- Other vertebrates
- Fish
- Birds
- Insects and molluscs
- See also
- Additional images
- References
- External links
The hippocampus (: hippocampi), also hippocampus proper, is a major component of the brain of humans and many other vertebrates. In the human brain the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus, and the subiculum are components of the hippocampal formation located in the limbic system. The hippocampus plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory that enables navigation. In humans and other primates the hippocampus is located in the archicortex, one of the three regions of allocortex, in each hemisphere with direct neural projections to, and reciprocal indirect projections from the neocortex. The hippocampus, as the medial pallium, is a structure found in all vertebrates.
In Alzheimer's disease (and other forms of dementia), the hippocampus is one of the first regions of the brain to be damaged; short-term memory loss and disorientation are included among the early symptoms. Damage to the hippocampus can also result from oxygen starvation (hypoxia), encephalitis, or medial temporal lobe epilepsy. People with extensive, bilateral hippocampal damage may experience anterograde amnesia: the inability to form and retain new memories.