Igor Kurchatov
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Igor Kurchatov was a Soviet nuclear physicist who led the development of the Soviet Union's atomic bomb program during and after World War II. His work was crucial in establishing the Soviet Union as a nuclear power, which fundamentally shaped Cold War geopolitics.
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Person
- Born
- 1902-12-30
- Died
- 1960-02-07
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- Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications
· 2004 · cited 10,440x
Article
Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov (Russian: Игорь Васильевич Курчатов; 12 January 1903 [O.S. 30 December 1902] – 7 February 1960) was a Soviet physicist who played a central role in organizing and directing the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons. He has been called the "father of the Russian atomic bomb".
As many of his contemporaries in Russia, Kurchatov, initially educated as a naval architect, was an autodidact in nuclear physics and was brought by Soviet establishment to accelerate the feasibility of the "super bomb". Aided by effective intelligence management by Soviet agencies on the American Manhattan Project, Kurchatov oversaw the quick development and testing of the first Soviet nuclear weapon, which was roughly based on the first American device, at Semipalatinsk in the Kazakh SSR in 1949.
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1903 births1960 deaths20th-century Russian engineers20th-century Russian scientistsAcademic staff of Moscow State UniversityAcademic staff of the Moscow Institute of Physics and TechnologyBurials at the Kremlin Wall NecropolisCommons link from WikidataCommunist Party of the Soviet Union membersDeaths by acute radiation syndromeFifth convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union