Justinian II
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Justinian II was a Byzantine Emperor who ruled twice: first from 685 to 695, and then again from 705 to 711. His reign matters because his two separate periods of rule and the circumstances surrounding them reveal important patterns of political instability and power struggles in the Byzantine Empire during this period.
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DynastyHeraclian FatherConstantine IV MotherAnastasia ReligionChalcedonian Christianity
Justinian II (Greek: Ἰουστινιανός, romanized: Ioustinianós; Latin: Iustinianus; 668/69 – 4 November 711), nicknamed "the Slit-Nosed" (Greek: ὁ Ῥινότμητος, romanized: ho Rhīnótmētos), was the last Byzantine emperor of the Heraclian dynasty, reigning from 685 to 695 and again from 705 to 711. Like his namesake, Justinian I, Justinian II was an ambitious and passionate ruler who was keen to restore the Roman Empire to its former glories. However, he responded brutally to any opposition to his will and lacked the finesse of his father, Constantine IV. Consequently, he generated enormous opposition to his reign, resulting in his deposition in 695 in a popular uprising. He only returned to the throne in 705 with the help of a Bulgarian army. His second reign was even more despotic than the first, and in 711 he was killed by mutinous soldiers.
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669 births680s in the Byzantine Empire690s in the Byzantine Empire700s in the Byzantine Empire710s in the Byzantine Empire711 deaths7th-century Byzantine emperors7th-century Christian saints8th-century Byzantine emperors8th-century Christian saints8th-century murdered monarchsAssassinated Byzantine emperors