Kaliningrad
Sign in to saveKaliningrad (known as Königsberg until 1946) is the largest city and administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, an exclave of Russia between Lithuania and Poland ( west of the bulk of Russia). Located on the Pregolya River at the head of the Vistula Lagoon, it is the only ice-free Russian port on the Baltic Sea. Its population in 2020 was 489,359. Kaliningrad is the second-largest city in the Northwestern Federal District, after Saint Petersburg, and the seventh-largest city on the Baltic Sea.
AI overview
Kaliningrad is Russia's only ice-free port on the Baltic Sea, located in an isolated Russian territory wedged between Lithuania and Poland rather than connected to the rest of Russia. The city matters strategically because it provides Russia year-round access to Baltic shipping and is a major regional center, making it one of the largest cities on the Baltic Sea with nearly 490,000 residents.
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Key facts
- Russian inhabited locality.en_name
- Kaliningrad
- Russian inhabited locality.ru_name
- Калининград
- Russian inhabited locality.pushpin_map
- Europe#Russia
- Russian inhabited locality.pushpin_map_caption
- Location of Kaliningrad in Europe##Location of Kaliningrad in Russia
- Russian inhabited locality.pushpin_relief
- yes
- Russian inhabited locality.image_flag
- Flag of Kaliningrad.svg
- Russian inhabited locality.image_coa
- Coat of arms of Kaliningrad.svg
- Russian inhabited locality.coa_caption
- Coat of arms
- Russian inhabited locality.holiday
- 4 July; observed on the first Saturday of July
- Russian inhabited locality.federal_subject
- Kaliningrad Oblast
- Russian inhabited locality.adm_inhabloc_jur
- city of oblast significance of Kaliningrad
Article
57 sectionsContents
- History
- Medieval period
- Early modern period
- Late modern period
- World War II
- Soviet Union
- Russian Federation
- Geography
- Climate
- Demographics
- Cityscape
- Architecture
- Monuments
- Parks
- Culture
- Museums
- Theaters and concert halls
- Libraries
- Music
- Cuisine
- Sports
- Administrative and municipal status
- City districts
- Authorities
- Local government
- Regional government
- Federal government
- Economy
- Transport
- Roads
- Water
- Air
- Railway
- Inter-city and international bus service
- Urban public transport
- Railbus
- Bridges
- Education
- Media
- Television
- Kaliningrad television networks
- Radio
- Kaliningrad radio stations
- Newspapers
- Notable people
- International relations
- Diplomatic missions
- Small border traffic law
- Twin towns – sister cities
- Former twin towns
- See also
- References
- Notes
- Citations
- Sources
- Further reading
- External links
Kaliningrad (known as Königsberg until 1946) is the largest city and administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, an exclave of Russia between Lithuania and Poland ( west of the bulk of Russia). Located on the Pregolya River at the head of the Vistula Lagoon, it is the only ice-free Russian port on the Baltic Sea. Its population in 2020 was 489,359. Kaliningrad is the second-largest city in the Northwestern Federal District, after Saint Petersburg, and the seventh-largest city on the Baltic Sea.
The city was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement Twangste by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and named Königsberg ("king's mountain") in honor of King Ottokar II of Bohemia. A Baltic port city, it successively became the capital of the State of the Teutonic Order, the Duchy of Prussia and the provinces of East Prussia and Prussia. From 1466 to 1657 it was a Polish fief. It was the coronation city of the Prussian monarchy, though the capital was moved to Berlin in 1701. Königsberg was the easternmost large city in Germany until World War II.
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1255 establishments in EuropeBaltic FleetCities and towns in Kaliningrad OblastKaliningradLang and lang-xx code promoted to ISO 639-1Members of the Hanseatic LeaguePopulated coastal places in RussiaPopulated places established in the 1250sPort cities and towns in RussiaPort cities and towns of the Baltic SeaRussian and Soviet Navy bases