Lactoperoxidase
Sign in to saveAlso known as salivary peroxidase, LPO, SPO
Lactoperoxidase (LPO, ) is a peroxidase enzyme secreted from mammary, salivary, tears and other mucosal glands including the lungs, bronchii and nose that function as a natural, first line of defense against bacteria and viral agents. Lactoperoxidase is a member of the heme peroxidase family of enzymes. In humans, lactoperoxidase is encoded by the LPO gene.
Protein · UniProt
Lactoperoxidase
- Gene
- LPO
- Organism
- Homo sapiens (Human)
- Length
- 712 aa
- Molecular mass
- 80,288 Da
- Evidence
- 1: Evidence at protein level
Heme-containing oxidoreductase which catalyzes the conversion of thiocyanate (SCN(-)) into antimicrobial agent hypothiocyanous acid (OSCN(-)) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (PubMed:6295491). Also involved in the conversion of iodide (I(-)) into hypoiodite (IO(-)) in the presence of H2O2 (By similarity). Responsible for the inactivation of a wide range of micro-organisms and hence, important component of defense mechanism (PubMed:12626341). Shows antibacterial properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PubMed:12626341). The lactoperoxidase-SCN(-)-H2O2 system shows antibacterial …
Swiss-Prot (reviewed) · via UniProt
Wikidata facts
- Instance of
- enzyme
- Image
- Lactoperoxidase 2R5L.png
Show 2 more facts
- found in taxon
- Homo sapiens
- exact match
- purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22079
via Wikidata · CC0
~11 min read
Encyclopedic overview
17 sectionsContents
- Structure
- Function
- Applications
- Dairy products
- Oral care
- Cosmetics
- Cancer
- Clinical significance
- Innate immune system
- Viral infections
- Bacterial infections
- Breast cancer
- Oral Care
- See also
- References
- = Further reading
- External links
Lactoperoxidase (LPO, ) is a peroxidase enzyme secreted from mammary, salivary, tears and other mucosal glands including the lungs, bronchii and nose that function as a natural, first line of defense against bacteria and viral agents. Lactoperoxidase is a member of the heme peroxidase family of enzymes. In humans, lactoperoxidase is encoded by the LPO gene.
Lactoperoxidase catalyzes the oxidation of several inorganic and many organic substrates by hydrogen peroxide. Lactoperoxidase rapidly oxidizes iodide and slowly oxidizes bromide and is designated a haloperoxidase. Another important substrate is the pseudo-halide thiocyanate. The oxidized products display potent, non-specific bactericidal and antiviral activities, including destruction of the influenza virus. Lactoperoxidase together with its inorganic ion substrates, hydrogen peroxide, DUOX1 and DUOX2 and products are termed the lactoperoxidase system. Hence LPO is considered a very important defense against invasive bacteria and viral agents such as influenza and the SARS-CoV-2 virus when sufficient iodine is provided.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Lactoperoxidase” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.