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Martini-Henry
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Martini-Henry

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The Martini–Henry is a breech-loading single-shot rifle with a lever action that was used by the British Army. It first entered service in 1871, eventually replacing the Snider–Enfield, a muzzle-loader converted to the cartridge system. Martini–Henry variants were used throughout the British Empire for 47 years. It combined the dropping-block action first developed by Henry O. Peabody (in his Peabody rifle) and improved by the Swiss designer Friedrich von Martini, combined with the polygonal rifling designed by Scotsman Alexander Henry.

Key facts

Weapon.wars
British colonial warsPerak WarSecond Anglo-Afghan WarArgentine Civil WarsHerzegovina Uprising (1875–1878)Russo-Turkish WarWar of the PacificAnglo-Zulu WarFirst Italo-Ethiopian WarNorth-West Rebellion Greco-Turkish War (1897)First Boer War Second Boer WarBalkan WarsWorld War IGreco-Turkish War (1919–22)The TroublesWar in Afghanistan (1978–present)(limited)Nepalese Civil War
Weapon.designer
Friedrich von Martini
Weapon.design_date
1870
Weapon.manufacturer
Various
Weapon.unit_cost
~£2/2/–=£ (late 1880s)
Weapon.production_date
1871–1889
Weapon.number
approx. 500,000–1,000,000
Weapon.variants
Martini–Henry CarbineGreener Prison ShotgunGahendra rifle
Weapon.weight
(unloaded), (with sword bayonet)
Weapon.cartridge
.577/450 Boxer-Henry .577/450 Martini–Henry.303 British11.43×55R (Ottoman)11.43×59R (Romanian)7.65×53 (Ottoman)
Weapon.action
Martini Falling Block
Weapon.rate
12 rounds/minute
Weapon.feed
Single-shot
Weapon.sights
Sliding ramp rear sights, fixed-post front sights
Weapon.name
Martini–Henry
Weapon.image
Martini-Henry m1871 - England - AM.032017.jpg
Weapon.image_size
300
Weapon.caption
A Martini–Henry in the collections of the Swedish Army Museum

via Wikipedia infobox

Wikidata facts

Subclass of
rifle
Operator
British Army
Image
Martini-Henry m1871 - England - AM.032017.jpg
Show 5 more facts
Commons category
Martini-Henry
service entry
1871-01-01
total produced
1000000
Commons gallery
Martini-Henry
Sources (2)

via Wikidata · CC0

~21 min read

Encyclopedic overview

24 sections
Contents
  • Overview
  • Ammunition
  • Rifle design and dimensions
  • Sights, accuracy, and performance
  • Ammunition development and replacements
  • Service use
  • Later ammunition and civilian use
  • Competitive shooting
  • Ballistics and battlefield effectiveness
  • Foreign production and variants
  • Later service
  • Greener shotgun
  • Greener harpoon gun
  • Ottoman, Romanian, and Boer Republics Peabody–Martini–Henry rifles
  • Mechanical issues
  • Operation of the Martini action
  • Comparison with contemporary rifles
  • Users
  • See also
  • References
  • Citations
  • General sources
  • Further reading
  • External links

The Martini–Henry is a breech-loading single-shot rifle with a lever action that was used by the British Army. It first entered service in 1871, eventually replacing the Snider–Enfield, a muzzle-loader converted to the cartridge system. Martini–Henry variants were used throughout the British Empire for 47 years. It combined the dropping-block action first developed by Henry O. Peabody (in his Peabody rifle) and improved by the Swiss designer Friedrich von Martini, combined with the polygonal rifling designed by Scotsman Alexander Henry.

Though the Snider was the first breechloader firing a metallic cartridge in regular British service, the Martini was designed from the outset as a breechloader and was both faster firing and had a longer range.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Martini-Henry” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

Gallery (14)