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Also known as nationalisation, renationalization
私營企業或私人資產由國家政府或國家佔有公有製的過程
Nationalization is when a government takes control of privately owned businesses or resources and makes them publicly owned instead of privately owned. This matters because it represents a major shift in who controls important industries and assets, and it's often done for industries like utilities, transportation, and energy that affect many people's lives.
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Article · 中文
国有化（英語：Nationalization），是将财产收归国家所有的行为。通常它指的是将大型涉及公共業務的私人企業国有化，但是有时它也指其它级别政府（比如地方政府）的公有财产。一般情况下国家会支付一定的金额来补偿原来的所有者，但是有的时候这个价格比市场价格要低很多，所以会造成原来所有者的损失。国有化的理由往往是因为某些产业（比如公共電力、石油、天然氣、自來水等）或某些土地（如日本政府將釣魚台列嶼收歸國有）具有重要的战略作用。相似地，国有化的对立面通常是私有化，亦是左派和右派對經濟政策的爭論點。
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