Also known as Republic of Nauru, Pleasant Island, Naoero, nr
país de Oceanía
Nauru is a small island country in the South Pacific Ocean, formerly called Pleasant Island, located in the Micronesia region near Kiribati. It is notable for having one of the world's highest obesity rates.
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The Australian offshore detention centre operating on the island means that there are always a lot of Australian government staff staying at the island's two small hotels and filling seats on the flights to and from Nauru (especially the direct flight to and from Brisbane). This, in combination with the visa requirement, means that you probably should plan and book your trip a few months ahead.
thumb|300px|View of the ring road Every year, there are on average 200 tourists in Nauru, so it has the honour of being the least touristed country in the world. Crowds aren't a problem at all. There's hardly any public transportation, so your best bet to get around would be in a rented vehicle; car, scooter or bike. Other alternatives are by foot (not very pleasant in the tropical heat and humidity) or hitchhiking, which is quite common on the island.
thumb|300px|Coral formations in Anibare Bay The Nauru experience is pretty much the exact opposite of all the typical South Pacific island clichés. If you're looking for sandy beaches, cool ocean breezes, and pristine blue waters, you'll find precious little of the sort. In fact, if you're looking for pretty much anything that can be described as flashy or tourist-oriented, you're out of luck. But don't write Nauru off just yet: its subtle and offbeat charms are waiting for anyone who's willing to take the time to seek them out — and that goes double for World War II history buffs, urbexers, and anyone who's just looking for a slow-paced, low-key, off-the-beaten-path getaway.
thumb|300px|Japanese relic from World War II on Command Ridge. thumb|300px|Karst landscape with limestone stalagmites in the island's interior
Most food is imported from Australia and arrives by ship or air, usually once every six to eight weeks. You can find western and Asian (primarily Chinese) food. Because of the tropical climate dishes might not be as heavy and hearty as the original versions. As not all ingredients may be available, dishes are often rather simple.
Since Nauru is an island nation, seafood is very popular in its restaurants. Cooked and smoked hams are also very popular, as meat is one of their main dishes.
Other than that, restaurants and shops offer soft drinks and some also have alcoholic beverages.
Nauru o Naurú, oficialmente la República de Nauru (en nauruano: Ripublik Naoero; en inglés: Republic of Nauru), es un país, y estado de Micronesia, situado en el océano Pacífico central, que comprende una sola isla justo al sur de la línea del ecuador. Limita al norte con los Estados Federados de Micronesia, al este con Kiribati, al sur con las Islas Salomón y al oeste con Papúa Nueva Guinea. A 4000 kilómetros al suroeste se encuentra Australia. Es un atolón de forma ovalada, elevado, escarpado en su orilla marina y con arenosas playas intercaladas con montículos coralinos en su orilla interior, y con una superficie de 21,3 km² (2130 ha). Nauru es el estado soberano más pequeño de Oceanía y el tercero más pequeño del mundo, solo superado por el Vaticano y el Principado de Mónaco, así como la república más pequeña del planeta. Poblada por tribus micronesias y polinesias, Nauru fue reclamada y anexionada como una colonia más por el Imperio alemán a finales del siglo XIX. Tras la derrota alemana en la Primera Guerra Mundial, se convirtió en un protectorado de la Sociedad de Naciones administrado por Australia, Nueva Zelanda y el Reino Unido. Posteriormente, durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, fue ocupada por tropas japonesas, quienes ganaron terreno en numerosos archipiélagos del Pacífico. Tras el fin de la guerra y la expulsión de los japoneses de la isla, volvió a constituirse en un protectorado hasta que alcanzó la independencia de Australia en 1968. Gran parte de su prosperidad se debió a la explotación de los depósitos de fosfato que se encuentran en la isla y cuyo origen es discutido: podrían ser depósitos de guano acumulados durante miles de años o podrían ser de origen marino. El fosfato se utiliza como fertilizante y la mayoría del producido en la isla fue exportado a Australia. Con la cercana extinción de las reservas de fosfato, Nauru hace frente a un futuro económico poco claro y bastante incierto. Parte de la riqueza obtenida con la explotación de este recurso fue colocada como fideicomiso para el futuro. Tras haber acumulado hasta 2000 millones de dólares estadounidenses, la mala calidad de las inversiones escogidas y su utilización para completar presupuestos deficitarios año tras año ha hecho mermar los ahorros, y en 2004 el restante fue vendido para cancelar su deuda externa. No obstante, para intentar paliar dicha situación, Nauru acogió un centro de detención de refugiados entre 2001 y 2008 a cambio de ayuda económica de Australia, nación encargada de supervisar dichas instalaciones. A pesar de su ínfima población, que no sobrepasó los 10 000 habitantes hasta 2011, Nauru ha sido gobernada desde su independencia en 1968 por 16 presidentes en 30 mandatos, llegando a darse el caso de Bernard Dowiyogo con siete mandatos. Por su parte, Frederick Pitcher es el presidente que menos tiempo ha llegado a gobernar. En efecto, su mandato se prolongó durante solo cinco días en noviembre de 2011. Por años, 2003 fue el más inestable, ya que llegó a haber cinco presidentes y seis mandatos, debido a que René Harris presidió el país los primeros y últimos días del año.
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Nauru is a peaceful island and all kinds of crime are very rare. In emergency situations you can call either the emergency number (117 or 118) or go to the police station, which is near the airport.
While earthquakes are not a risk on Nauru itself, it can potentially be struck by tsunamis resulting from earthquakes along the Ring of Fire, which surrounds the Pacific Ocean.
There are no records of a cyclone ever hitting Nauru, and right at the Equator they are rare. Nevertheless, if you visit during the height of the wet season, be prepared for heavy rain and thunderstorms.
There are wild dogs roaming all around Nauru. They are dangerous, and locals have been warned not to walk along dark roads at night.
Water supply in Nauru is dependent on rainwater collected into tanks from the roofs of houses and from an aging reverse osmosis desalination plant. You should avoid tap water.
Emergency: 118 or 117 Considering its size and remoteness, Nauru has a decent healthcare system. Aside from the rampant problem of obesity among the population, the infant mortality and life expectation numbers are on par with industrialised nations. There are two hospitals on the island, Nauru General Hospital and RON Hospital, both in the Denigomodu district in the west of the island. However, if you have contracted anything more serious you may have to get transferred to Australia, so make sure you have good travel insurance when visiting Nauru!
The tropical diseases usually encountered in equatorial countries are less of a risk in Nauru, although it's recommended to get a hepatitis B shot. There is a risk of dengue fever, though, so you should protect yourself from mosquito bites.
If you come from a country where yellow fever is endemic or you've visited such a country in the last six days, you need to have proof of yellow fever vaccination.
Nauru is a predominantly Christian country, and Christian values and rules of conduct apply.
It is illegal to import pornographic material, and the government also blocks access to Internet porn. Open displays of affection between same-sex partners may offend some in Nauru. The trafficking of drugs and narcotics of any kind will be punished severely. The one place on the island that you may not take photographs is the Australian processing centre for asylum seekers.
Virtually everyone comes and goes by the local airline and thus your next destination will be Australia or one of the few small Oceanian islands (Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia and the Solomon Islands) the local airline flies to. When leaving Nauru, locally produced goods may be subjected to export duties.
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