Nippur
Sign in to saveNippur (Sumerian: Nibru, often logographically recorded as , EN.LÍLKI, "Enlil City;" Akkadian: Nibbur) was an ancient Sumerian city. It was the special seat of the worship of the Sumerian god Enlil, the "Lord Wind", ruler of the cosmos, subject to An alone. Nippur was located in modern Nuffar 8 kilometers north of modern Afak, Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq. It is roughly 200 km south of modern Baghdad and about 100 km southeast of the ancient city of Babylon. Occupation at the site extended back to the Ubaid period (Ubaid 2 – Hajji Muhammed), the Uruk period, and the Jemdet Nasr period. The
AI overview
Nippur was an ancient Sumerian city in what is now Iraq that served as the primary religious center for worshipping Enlil, the most powerful god in the Sumerian pantheon. Its significance in Mesopotamian civilization made it an important cultural and spiritual hub, with continuous human settlement at the site dating back thousands of years to the earliest periods of Sumerian history.
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Key facts
- Ancient site.name
- Nippur
- Ancient site.image
- Ruins from a temple in Naffur.jpg
- Ancient site.caption
- Ruins of a temple platform in Nippur—the brick structure on top was constructed by American archaeologists around 1900.
- Ancient site.map_type
- Iraq
- Ancient site.relief
- yes
- Ancient site.location
- Nuffar, Afak District, Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq
- Ancient site.region
- Mesopotamia
- Ancient site.excavations
- 1851, 1889–1900, 1948–1990, 2018–present
- Ancient site.archaeologists
- Austen Henry Layard, John Punnett Peters, John Henry Haynes, Hermann Volrath Hilprecht, Richard C. Haines, Thorkild Jacobsen, McGuire Gibson
via Wikipedia infobox
Article
27 sectionsContents
- History
- Early Bronze Age
- Early Dynastic period
- Akkadian period (c. 2350-2150 BCE)
- Ur III period (c. 2112-2004 BC)
- Middle Bronze Age
- Isin/Larsa period (c. 2020-1820 BC)
- Old Babylonian period (1820-1587 BCE)
- Late Bronze Age
- Kassite period
- Iron Age onwards
- Islamic abandonment
- Archaeology
- Ziggurat
- Temple of Enlil
- Temple of Gula
- Murashu archive
- Site TA
- Inanna Temple
- Nearby sites
- Drehem
- Tell Dlehim
- Tell Waresh 2
- See also
- Notes
- References
- External links
Nippur (Sumerian: Nibru, often logographically recorded as , EN.LÍLKI, "Enlil City;" Akkadian: Nibbur) was an ancient Sumerian city. It was the special seat of the worship of the Sumerian god Enlil, the "Lord Wind", ruler of the cosmos, subject to An alone. Nippur was located in modern Nuffar 8 kilometers north of modern Afak, Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq. It is roughly 200 km south of modern Baghdad and about 100 km southeast of the ancient city of Babylon. Occupation at the site extended back to the Ubaid period (Ubaid 2 – Hajji Muhammed), the Uruk period, and the Jemdet Nasr period. The origin of the ancient name is unknown but different proposals have been made.
== History == ===Early Bronze Age=== ====Early Dynastic period==== Nippur never enjoyed political hegemony in its own right, but its control was crucial, as it was considered capable of conferring the overall "kingship" on monarchs from other city-states. It was distinctively a sacred city, important from the possession of the famous Ekur temple of Enlil. Ninurta, son of Enlil, also had his main cult center, the E-shumesha temple, in the city-state.