نطق

Nutuk (Ottoman Turkish: نطق‎, lit. "The Speech") is a historic speech delivered by Ghazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk from 15 to 20 October 1927, at the second congress of the Republican People's Party (CHP) in Ankara. The speech details the events between the beginning of the Turkish War of Independence on 19 May 1919 and the foundation of the Republic of Turkey in 1923. Spanning six days, the speech took a total of 36 hours and 33 minutes to be read by Atatürk.

Key facts

Event.name: Nutuk
Event.image: Atatürk 1927'de Nutuk'u okuyor.jpg
Event.caption: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk presenting the Nutuk at the second congress of the Republican People's Party in 1927.The Hâkimiyet Milletindir ("Sovereignty Belongs to the Nation").
Event.blank_label: Speaker
Event.blank_data: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Event.venue: Grand National Assembly’s General Assembly Hall, Ankara
Event.date: 15–20 October 1927
Event.duration: 36 hours 33 minutes
Event.type: Political speech
Event.theme: Turkish War of Independence; founding of the Republic of Turkey
Event.blank1_label: Language

Article

14 sections

Contents

Background and writing process
Delivery
Content and themes
Part I: The National Struggle (1919–1920)
Part II: The Grand National Assembly and the War of Independence (1920–1923)
Part III: The Republic and its reforms (1923–1927)
Editions and translations
Reception and historical significance
Foundational role in the Republic
Appraisals in scholarship and education
Critical analysis
References
Further reading
External links

The text is considered a foundational document of Kemalism and the official historiography of the Turkish Republic's establishment. In it, Atatürk presents his perspective on the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the political, social, and military struggles that led to the creation of a new nation-state. It established a definitive narrative of the national struggle, solidified Atatürk's position as its leader, and served as a political and ideological guide for the new republic.