Orangutans are great apes native to the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia. They are now found only in parts of Borneo and Sumatra, but during the Pleistocene they ranged throughout Southeast Asia and South China. Classified in the genus Pongo, orangutans were originally considered to be one species. In 1996, they were divided into two species: the Bornean orangutan (P. pygmaeus, with three subspecies) and the Sumatran orangutan (P. abelii); a third species, the Tapanuli orangutan (P. tapanuliensis), was identified definitively in 2017. The orangutans are the only surviving members of the s
Orangutans are large, intelligent apes native to the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia, now found only on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra, though they once ranged across much of Southeast Asia and South China. There are three recognized species of orangutans (Bornean, Sumatran, and Tapanuli), and they represent a unique branch of the great ape family with no other surviving relatives in their group.
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本文介紹的是红猩猩。關於其它猩猩,請見「人科」。 猩猩属(学名:Pongo),也叫人猿、红猩猩、紅毛猩猩,靈長目人科的一属,與猴子最大不同的地方就是沒有尾巴,能用手或脚拿东西。馬來語和印尼語叫做Orang utan,意思 “森林中的人”。與人類十分相近,與人類基因相似度達96.4%。通常不用聲音溝通,通常有好幾個個體會在同一個區域活動,但彼此不干擾,平均壽命大概40年,平均身高大概171—180公分。
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Orangutans are great apes native to the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia. They are now found only in parts of Borneo and Sumatra, but during the Pleistocene they ranged throughout Southeast Asia and South China. Classified in the genus Pongo, orangutans were originally considered to be one species. In 1996, they were divided into two species: the Bornean orangutan (P. pygmaeus, with three subspecies) and the Sumatran orangutan (P. abelii); a third species, the Tapanuli orangutan (P. tapanuliensis), was identified definitively in 2017. The orangutans are the only surviving members of the subfamily Ponginae, which diverged genetically from the other hominids (gorillas, chimpanzees, and humans) between 19.3 and 15.7 million years ago.
The most arboreal of the great apes, orangutans spend most of their time in trees. They have proportionally long arms and short legs, and have reddish-brown hair covering their bodies. Adult males weigh about , while females weigh about . Dominant adult males develop distinctive cheek pads or flanges and make long calls that attract females and intimidate rivals; younger subordinate males do not and more resemble adult females. Orangutans are the most solitary of the great apes: social bonds occur primarily between mothers and their dependent offspring. Fruit is the most important component of an orangutan's diet, but they will also eat vegetation, bark, honey, insects and bird eggs. They can live over 30 years, both in the wild and in captivity.
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